Al-Shawka al-Tahta

Al-Shawka al-Tahta
الشوكة التحتا
1870s map
1940s map
modern map
1940s with modern overlay map
A series of historical maps of the area around Al-Shawka al-Tahta (click the buttons)
Al-Shawka al-Tahta
Location within Mandatory Palestine
Coordinates: 33°14′19″N 35°38′12″E / 33.23861°N 35.63667°E / 33.23861; 35.63667
Palestine grid209/293
Geopolitical entityMandatory Palestine
SubdistrictSafad
Date of depopulationMay 14, 1948[2]
Area
 • Total
2,132 dunams (2.132 km2; 0.823 sq mi)
Population
 (1945)
 • Total
200[1]
Cause(s) of depopulationFear of being caught up in the fighting

Al-Shawka al-Tahta was a Palestinian Arab village in the Safad Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 14, 1948, by the Palmach's First Battalion of Operation Yiftach. It was located 31.5 km northeast of Safad.

History

The village contained two khirbas known as Tall al-Qadi and Khirbat al-Day'a.

In 1881 the Survey of Western Palestine identified Khirbet Dufnah, meaning "the ruin of Daphne (oleander).[3] Recent research has linked Shawka al-Taḥtā to Daphne, a geographic designation mentioned in classical sources for the marshy landscapes of the northern Hula Valley. Archaeological and toponymic evidence indicates that the name survived into the Ottoman period as Dafna, attested in sixteenth-century tax registers and nineteenth-century surveys, before being replaced by the village name Shawka al-Taḥtā in the modern period. This continuity suggests long-term reuse of the same landscape rather than a complete break in settlement or local memory.[4]

British Mandate era

In the 1931 census of Palestine, during the British Mandate for Palestine, the village had a population of 136, all Muslims, in a total of 31 houses.[5]

In the 1945 statistics it had a population of 200 Muslims[1] with a total land area of 2,132 dunams.[6] Of this, 1,845 dunams were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 140 for cereals,[7] while 17 dunams were classified as non-cultivable areas.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 11
  2. ^ Morris, 2004, p. xvi, village #3. Also gives cause of depopulation.
  3. ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 26
  4. ^ Marom, Roy; Kharanbeh, Saleh (2025). "An Analysis of Selected Toponymic Survivals in the Northern Hula Valley". Israel Exploration Journal. 75 (2). Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society: 111–112.
  5. ^ Mills, 1932, p. 111
  6. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 71 Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 121 Archived 2018-09-26 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 171 Archived 2018-09-26 at the Wayback Machine

Bibliography

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