He (Georgian letter)
| He | |
|---|---|
| Ⴡ ⴡ ჱ Ჱ | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Georgian script |
| Type | Alphabetic |
| Language of origin | Georgian language Svan language |
| Sound values | [e̞j], [eː] |
| In Unicode | U+10C1, U+2D21, U+10F1, U+1CB1 |
| Alphabetical position | 8 |
| History | |
| Time period | c. 430 to present |
| Transliterations | Ē, Ey |
| Other | |
| Associated numbers | 8 |
| Writing direction | Left-to-right |
He, Ei,[1] or E-merve[2] (Asomtavruli: Ⴡ; Nuskhuri: ⴡ; Mkhedruli: ჱ; Mtavruli: Ჱ; Georgian: ეჲ, ეი,[1] ე-მერვე1) is the 8th letter of the three Georgian scripts.[3] In the Georgian language, it represented the diphthong /e̞j/. Currently, it is only used in the Svan language, where it is used for /eː/.
In the system of Georgian numerals, it has a value of 8. It is now obsolete in the Georgian language, replaced by ეჲ (ei) due to its identical pronunciation.[4] It is typically romanized with the letter E with macron (Ē) or with the digraph Ey.[5]
Letter
| asomtavruli | nuskhuri | mkhedruli | mtavruli |
|---|---|---|---|
Stroke order
asomtavruli[6]
nuskhuri[7]
mkhedruli[8]
Computer encodings
| Preview | Ⴡ | ⴡ | ჱ | Ჱ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | GEORGIAN CAPITAL LETTER HE[9] | GEORGIAN SMALL LETTER HE[10] | GEORGIAN LETTER HE[9] | GEORGIAN MTAVRULI CAPITAL LETTER HE | ||||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 4289 | U+10C1 | 11553 | U+2D21 | 4337 | U+10F1 | 7345 | U+1CB1 |
| UTF-8 | 225 131 129 | E1 83 81 | 226 180 161 | E2 B4 A1 | 225 131 177 | E1 83 B1 | 225 178 177 | E1 B2 B1 |
| Numeric character reference | Ⴡ |
Ⴡ |
ⴡ |
ⴡ |
ჱ |
ჱ |
Ჱ |
Ჱ |
See also
Notes
- ^ lit. eighth e
References
- ^ a b Shanidze, Akaki (1973). The Basics of the Georgian language grammar. Tbilisi.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Otar Jishkariani, Praise of the Alphabet, 1986, Tbilisi, p. 1
- ^ Machavariani, p. 136
- ^ Mchedlidze, (2) p. 33
- ^ "Transliteration of Georgian" (PDF).
- ^ Mchedlidze, I, p. 105
- ^ Mchedlidze, I, p. 107
- ^ Mchedlidze, I, p. 110
- ^ a b Unicode (1)
- ^ Unicode (2)
Bibliography
- Mchedlidze, T. (1) The restored Georgian alphabet, Fulda, Germany, 2013
- Mchedlidze, T. (2) The Georgian script; Dictionary and guide, Fulda, Germany, 2013
- Machavariani, E. Georgian manuscripts, Tbilisi, 2011
- The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (1) Georgian, 1991-2013
- The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (2) Georgian Supplement, 1991-2013