Salar
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *yan-.
Pronunciation
- (Xunhua, Hualong, Qinghai, Gansu, Xinjiang) IPA(key): /jɑnqusɨ/
- Hyphenation: yan‧qu‧sı
Verb
yanqusı (1st person plural imperative yanıl, present continuous yanbır, past yancı)
- to return
- to retreat
- to retract, backtrack, give up
- to be timid, shy, to afraid of people
Çamat kişden yanci.- S/he was afraid of strangers.
Conjugation
Conjugation of yanqusı
basic conjugation
| basic conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
yanar
|
yanar-a
|
yanmas
|
yanmas-a
|
| continuous
|
yanbır
|
yanba(r)
|
yan yoxdır,
yanmır
|
yan yox-a
|
| past
|
yancı
|
yanmış
|
yanmacı
|
yanmamış
|
| future
|
yanqur
|
yanqa(r)
|
yanmağur
|
yanmağa(r)
|
| past perfect
|
yanqan var
|
yanqan var-a
|
yanqan yoxdır
|
yanqan yox-a
|
| necessitative
|
yanqı
|
yanmağı
|
| conditional
|
yansa
|
yanmasa
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
yanal
|
yanmağal
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
yan
|
yanma
|
| 2nd person
|
yandoğo
|
yanquma
|
| 3rd person
|
yanqoğı
|
yanmağı
|
| infinitive
|
yanqusı
|
yanmağusı
|
| manner noun
|
yanış
|
yanmaş
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
yanqan
|
yanmağan
|
| perfective
|
yanmış
|
yanmamış
|
| prospective
|
yanqusı
|
yanmağusı
|
| agent noun
|
yanqucı
|
yanmağucı
|
|
|
converbs
|
| purposive converb
|
yanma
|
| posterior converb
|
yanqu, yancanı
|
| anterior converb
|
yanqunçük
|
| iterative converb
|
yana-yana
|
| immediate posterior converb
|
yanquşlı
|
| causal converb
|
yancanı
|
| prospective converb
|
yanqudana
|
question conjugation
| question conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
|
|
experimental1
|
inferential2
|
experimental
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
yanar-(m)i
|
yanar-(m)o
|
yanmas-(m)i
|
yanmas-(m)o
|
| continuous
|
yanbır-(m)i
|
yanba(r)-(m)o
|
yan yoxdır-(m)i
|
yan yox-aro
|
| past
|
yan-du,
yancı-mu
|
yanmış-(m)o
|
yanma-du,
yanmacı-mu
|
yanmamış-(m)o
|
| future
|
yanqur-(m)i
|
yanqa(r)-(m)o
|
yanmağur-(m)i
|
yanmağa(r)-(m)o
|
| past perfect
|
yanqan var-(m)i
|
yanqan var-(m)o
|
yanqan yoxdır-(m)i
|
yanqan yox-aro
|
| necessitative
|
yanqı-mu
|
yanmağı-mu
|
| conditional
|
yansa-mu
|
yanmasa-mu
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
yanal-mu
|
yanmağal-mu
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
yan-mu
|
yanma-mu
|
| 2nd person
|
yandoğo-mu
|
yanquma-mu
|
| 3rd person
|
yanqoğı-mu
|
yanmağı-mu
|
| infinitive
|
yanqusı-mu
|
yanmağusı-mu
|
| manner noun
|
yanış-mu
|
yanmaş-mu
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
yanqan-mu
|
yanmağan-mu
|
| perfective
|
yanmış-mu
|
yanmamış-mu
|
| prospective
|
yanqusı-mu
|
yanmağusı-mu
|
| agent noun
|
yanqucı-mu
|
yanmağucı-mu
|
potential conjugation
| potential conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
yanalar
|
yanalar-a
|
yanalmas
|
yanalmas-a
|
| continuous
|
yanalbır
|
yanalba(r)
|
yanal yoxdır,
yanalmır
|
yanal yox-a
|
| past
|
yanalcı
|
yanalmış
|
yanalmacı
|
yanalmamış
|
| future
|
yanalğur
|
yanalğa(r)
|
yanalmağur
|
yanalmağa(r)
|
| past perfect
|
yanalğan var
|
yanalğan var-a
|
yanalğan yoxdır
|
yanalğan yox-a
|
inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
| inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
{{{71}}}
|
{{{72}}}
|
{{{101}}}
|
{{{102}}}
|
| continuous
|
{{{73}}}
|
{{{74}}}
|
{{{103}}},
{{{1031}}}
|
{{{104}}}
|
| past
|
{{{75}}}
|
{{{76}}}
|
{{{105}}}
|
{{{106}}}
|
| future
|
{{{77}}}
|
{{{78}}}
|
{{{107}}}
|
{{{108}}}
|
| past perfect
|
{{{79}}}
|
{{{80}}}
|
{{{109}}}
|
{{{110}}}
|
|
1 The speaker knows the answer to the question, or believes that herself/himself does.
2 The speaker genuinely does not know the answer to the question.
References
- Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “yanqusı”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 345
- Yakup, Abdurishid (2002), “yanqusı”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon[1], Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 123
- Ma, Chengjun; Han, Lianye; Ma, Weisheng (December 2010), “yanqusı”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 331
- 马伟 (Ma Wei) (2016), “yanqusı”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages - Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 青海师范大学 (Qinghai Normal University), Unpublished finalized project manuscript (国家社会科学基金项目结项稿, 定稿; National Social Science Fund of China), page 291