Salar
Etymology
There are multiple theories;
- From Proto-Turkic *op-. Cognate to Turkmen opmak, Southern Altai обор (obor, “to pull”).
- Short cut of Salar uğutğusı (“to swallow”) which is from Proto-Turkic *yūt-. Cognate to Turkmen ýuwutmak.
Pronunciation
Verb
uxqusı
- to swallow, gulp
- Synonym: uğutğusı
Conjugation
Conjugation of uxqusı
basic conjugation
| basic conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
uxar
|
uxar-a
|
uxmas
|
uxmas-a
|
| continuous
|
uxbır
|
uxba(r)
|
ux yoxdır,
uxmır
|
ux yox-a
|
| past
|
uxcı
|
uxmış
|
uxmacı
|
uxmamış
|
| future
|
uxqur
|
uxqa(r)
|
uxmağur
|
uxmağa(r)
|
| past perfect
|
uxqan var
|
uxqan var-a
|
uxqan yoxdır
|
uxqan yox-a
|
| necessitative
|
uxqı
|
uxmağı
|
| conditional
|
uxsa
|
uxmasa
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
uxal
|
uxmağal
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
ux
|
uxma
|
| 2nd person
|
uxdoğo
|
uxquma
|
| 3rd person
|
uxqoğı
|
uxmağı
|
| infinitive
|
uxqusı
|
uxmağusı
|
| manner noun
|
uxış
|
uxmaş
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
uxqan
|
uxmağan
|
| perfective
|
uxmış
|
uxmamış
|
| prospective
|
uxqusı
|
uxmağusı
|
| agent noun
|
uxqucı
|
uxmağucı
|
|
|
converbs
|
| purposive converb
|
uxma
|
| posterior converb
|
uxqu, uxcanı
|
| anterior converb
|
uxqunçük
|
| iterative converb
|
uxa-uxa
|
| immediate posterior converb
|
uxquşlı
|
| causal converb
|
uxcanı
|
| prospective converb
|
uxqudana
|
question conjugation
| question conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
|
|
experimental1
|
inferential2
|
experimental
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
uxar-(m)i
|
uxar-(m)o
|
uxmas-(m)i
|
uxmas-(m)o
|
| continuous
|
uxbır-(m)i
|
uxba(r)-(m)o
|
ux yoxdır-(m)i
|
ux yox-aro
|
| past
|
ux-du,
uxcı-mu
|
uxmış-(m)o
|
uxma-du,
uxmacı-mu
|
uxmamış-(m)o
|
| future
|
uxqur-(m)i
|
uxqa(r)-(m)o
|
uxmağur-(m)i
|
uxmağa(r)-(m)o
|
| past perfect
|
uxqan var-(m)i
|
uxqan var-(m)o
|
uxqan yoxdır-(m)i
|
uxqan yox-aro
|
| necessitative
|
uxqı-mu
|
uxmağı-mu
|
| conditional
|
uxsa-mu
|
uxmasa-mu
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
uxal-mu
|
uxmağal-mu
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
ux-mu
|
uxma-mu
|
| 2nd person
|
uxdoğo-mu
|
uxquma-mu
|
| 3rd person
|
uxqoğı-mu
|
uxmağı-mu
|
| infinitive
|
uxqusı-mu
|
uxmağusı-mu
|
| manner noun
|
uxış-mu
|
uxmaş-mu
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
uxqan-mu
|
uxmağan-mu
|
| perfective
|
uxmış-mu
|
uxmamış-mu
|
| prospective
|
uxqusı-mu
|
uxmağusı-mu
|
| agent noun
|
uxqucı-mu
|
uxmağucı-mu
|
potential conjugation
| potential conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
uxalar
|
uxalar-a
|
uxalmas
|
uxalmas-a
|
| continuous
|
uxalbır
|
uxalba(r)
|
uxal yoxdır,
uxalmır
|
uxal yox-a
|
| past
|
uxalcı
|
uxalmış
|
uxalmacı
|
uxalmamış
|
| future
|
uxalğur
|
uxalğa(r)
|
uxalmağur
|
uxalmağa(r)
|
| past perfect
|
uxalğan var
|
uxalğan var-a
|
uxalğan yoxdır
|
uxalğan yox-a
|
inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
| inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
{{{71}}}
|
{{{72}}}
|
{{{101}}}
|
{{{102}}}
|
| continuous
|
{{{73}}}
|
{{{74}}}
|
{{{103}}},
{{{1031}}}
|
{{{104}}}
|
| past
|
{{{75}}}
|
{{{76}}}
|
{{{105}}}
|
{{{106}}}
|
| future
|
{{{77}}}
|
{{{78}}}
|
{{{107}}}
|
{{{108}}}
|
| past perfect
|
{{{79}}}
|
{{{80}}}
|
{{{109}}}
|
{{{110}}}
|
|
1 The speaker knows the answer to the question, or believes that herself/himself does.
2 The speaker genuinely does not know the answer to the question.
References
- Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “uxqusı”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 536
- Ma, Chengjun; Han, Lianye; Ma, Weisheng (December 2010), “uxqusı”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 299