truailligh

Irish

Etymology

Back-formation from truaillithe, from Old Irish drúailnide, apparently a differently prefixed form related to éilnithe, past participle of as·lena (“to pollute, defile”).^[1]

Verb

truailligh (present analytic truaillíonn, future analytic trualleoidh, verbal noun truailliú, past participle truaillithe)

Conjugation

Conjugation of *truailligh* (second conjugation)
indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
indicative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	truaillím	truaillíonn tú; truaillír^†	truaillíonn sé, sí	truaillímid; truaillíonn muid	truaillíonn sibh	truaillíonn siad; truaillíd^†	a thruaillíonn; a thruaillíos	truaillítear
past	thruailligh mé; thruaillíos	thruailligh tú; thruaillís	thruailligh sé, sí	thruaillíomar; thruailligh muid	thruailligh sibh; thruaillíobhair	thruailligh siad; thruaillíodar	a thruailligh	truaillíodh
past habitual	thruaillínn / truaillínn^‡	thruaillíteá / truaillíteá^‡	thruaillíodh sé, sí / truaillíodh sé, sí^‡	thruaillímis; thruaillíodh muid / truaillímis^‡; truaillíodh muid^‡	thruaillíodh sibh / truaillíodh sibh^‡	thruaillídís; thruaillíodh / truaillídís^‡; truaillíodh siad^‡	a thruaillíodh	thruaillítí / truaillítí^‡

	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
future	truailleoidh mé; truailleod; truailleochaidh mé^†	truailleoidh tú; truailleoir^†; truailleochaidh tú^†	truailleoidh sé, sí; truailleochaidh sé, sí^†	truailleoimid; truailleoidh muid; truailleochaimid^†; truailleochaidh muid^†	truailleoidh sibh; truailleochaidh sibh^†	truailleoidh siad; truailleoid^†; truailleochaidh siad^†	a thruailleoidh; a thruailleos; a thruailleochaidh^†; a thruailleochas^†	truailleofar; truailleochar^†
conditional	thruailleoinn; thruailleochainn^† / truailleoinn^‡; truailleochainn^†^‡	thruailleofá; thruailleochthá^† / truailleofá^‡; truailleochthá^†^‡	thruailleodh sé, sí; thruailleochadh sé, sí^† / truailleodh sé, sí^‡; truailleochadh sé, sí^†^‡	thruailleoimis; thruailleodh muid; thruailleochaimis^†; thruailleochadh muid^† / truailleoimis^‡; truailleodh muid^‡; truailleochaimis^†^‡; truailleochadh muid^†^‡	thruailleodh sibh; thruailleochadh sibh^† / truailleodh sibh^‡; truailleochadh sibh^†^‡	thruailleoidís; thruailleodh siad; thruailleochaidís^†; thruailleochadh siad^† / truailleoidís^‡; truailleodh siad^‡; truailleochaidís^†^‡; truailleochadh siad^†^‡	a thruailleodh; a thruailleochadh^†	thruailleofaí; thruailleochthaí^† / truailleofaí^‡; truailleochthaí^†^‡

subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
subjunctive	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	go dtruaillí mé; go dtruaillíod^†	go dtruaillí tú; go dtruaillír^†	go dtruaillí sé, sí	go dtruaillímid; go dtruaillí muid	go dtruaillí sibh	go dtruaillí siad; go dtruaillíd^†	—	go dtruaillítear
past	dá dtruaillínn	dá dtruaillíteá	dá dtruaillíodh sé, sí	dá dtruaillímis; dá dtruaillíodh muid	dá dtruaillíodh sibh	dá dtruaillídís; dá dtruaillíodh siad	—	dá dtruaillítí

imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
imperative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
—	truaillím	truailligh	truaillíodh sé, sí	truaillímis	truaillígí; truaillídh^†	truaillídís	—	truaillítear

past participle	truaillithe

verbal noun	truailliú

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Synonyms

(corrupt, deprave, adulterate, debase): éilligh, adhaltranaigh
(defile, pollute): éilligh, salaigh
(desecrate, profane): bris, sáraigh

Derived terms

dí-thruailligh (“decontaminate”)
féintruailligh (“masturbate”)

Related terms

truaillí
truaillíocht
truaillitheach
truaillitheoir
truaillmheasc

Mutation

Mutated forms of *truailligh*
radical	lenition	eclipsis
truailligh	thruailligh	dtruailligh

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) [1909], D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of Handbuch des Alt-Irischen (in German), →ISBN, § 366, page 232; reprinted 2017