treoraigh
Irish
Alternative forms
- tréoruigh (obsolete)
- treóraigh, treoruigh, treóruigh (superseded)[1]
Etymology
Pronunciation
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈtʲɾʲoːɾʲə/
Verb
treoraigh (present analytic treoraíonn, future analytic treoróidh, verbal noun treorú, past participle treoraithe) (transitive)
- to lead, guide, direct, conduct, pilot
- (horticulture) to train (encourage to grow in a particular direction)
- to canalise (channel the flow of)
Conjugation
| indicative | singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present | treoraím | treoraíonn tú; treoraír† |
treoraíonn sé, sí | treoraímid; treoraíonn muid |
treoraíonn sibh | treoraíonn siad; treoraíd† |
a threoraíonn; a threoraíos | treoraítear |
| past | threoraigh mé; threoraíos | threoraigh tú; threoraís | threoraigh sé, sí | threoraíomar; threoraigh muid | threoraigh sibh; threoraíobhair | threoraigh siad; threoraíodar | a threoraigh | treoraíodh |
| past habitual | threoraínn / treoraínn‡ |
threoraíteá / treoraíteᇠ|
threoraíodh sé, sí / treoraíodh sé, sí‡ |
threoraímis; threoraíodh muid / treoraímis‡; treoraíodh muid‡ |
threoraíodh sibh / treoraíodh sibh‡ |
threoraídís; threoraíodh / treoraídís‡; treoraíodh siad‡ |
a threoraíodh | threoraítí / treoraítí‡ |
| singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| future | treoróidh mé; treoród; treoróchaidh mé† |
treoróidh tú; treoróir†; treoróchaidh tú† |
treoróidh sé, sí; treoróchaidh sé, sí† |
treoróimid; treoróidh muid; treoróchaimid†; treoróchaidh muid† |
treoróidh sibh; treoróchaidh sibh† |
treoróidh siad; treoróid†; treoróchaidh siad† |
a threoróidh; a threorós; a threoróchaidh†; a threoróchas† | treorófar; treoróchar† |
| conditional | threoróinn; threoróchainn† / treoróinn‡; treoróchainn†‡ |
threorófá; threoróchthᆠ/ treorófá‡; treoróchthᆇ |
threoródh sé, sí; threoróchadh sé, sí† / treoródh sé, sí‡; treoróchadh sé, s톇 |
threoróimis; threoródh muid; threoróchaimis†; threoróchadh muid† / treoróimis‡; treoródh muid‡; treoróchaimis†‡; treoróchadh muid†‡ |
threoródh sibh; threoróchadh sibh† / treoródh sibh‡; treoróchadh sibh†‡ |
threoróidís; threoródh siad; threoróchaidís†; threoróchadh siad† / treoróidís‡; treoródh siad‡; treoróchaidís†‡; treoróchadh siad†‡ |
a threoródh; a threoróchadh† | threorófaí; threoróchthaí† / treorófaí‡; treoróchtha톇 |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present | go dtreoraí mé; go dtreoraíod† |
go dtreoraí tú; go dtreoraír† |
go dtreoraí sé, sí | go dtreoraímid; go dtreoraí muid |
go dtreoraí sibh | go dtreoraí siad; go dtreoraíd† |
— | go dtreoraítear |
| past | dá dtreoraínn | dá dtreoraíteá | dá dtreoraíodh sé, sí | dá dtreoraímis; dá dtreoraíodh muid |
dá dtreoraíodh sibh | dá dtreoraídís; dá dtreoraíodh siad |
— | dá dtreoraítí |
| imperative | singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| — | treoraím | treoraigh | treoraíodh sé, sí | treoraímis | treoraígí; treoraídh† |
treoraídís | — | treoraítear |
| past participle | treoraithe | |||||||
| verbal noun | treorú | |||||||
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| treoraigh | threoraigh | dtreoraigh |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “treóraigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “treoruiġim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 754
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “treoraigh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN