togh

See also: togh-

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish togaid, from Old Irish do·goa, from Proto-Celtic *to-guseti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-. Compare Scottish Gaelic tagh and Manx teiy.

Pronunciation

(Cork) IPA^(key): /t̪ˠɔu̯/, /t̪ˠɔvʲ/ (as if spelled toibh)^[1]
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /t̪ˠeː/, (older) /t̪ˠɤː/^[2]

Verb

togh (present analytic toghann, future analytic toghfaidh, verbal noun toghadh, past participle tofa)

Conjugation

Conjugation of *togh* (first conjugation – A)
indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
indicative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	toghaim	toghann tú; toghair^†	toghann sé, sí	toghaimid; toghann muid	toghann sibh	toghann siad; toghaid^†	a thoghann; a thoghas	toghtar
past	thogh mé; thoghas	thogh tú; thoghais	thogh sé, sí	thoghamar; thogh muid	thogh sibh; thoghabhair	thogh siad; thoghadar	a thogh	toghadh
past habitual	thoghainn / toghainn^‡	thoghtá / toghtá^‡	thoghadh sé, sí / toghadh sé, sí^‡	thoghaimis; thoghadh muid / toghaimis^‡; toghadh muid^‡	thoghadh sibh / toghadh sibh^‡	thoghaidís; thoghadh siad / toghaidís^‡; toghadh siad^‡	a thoghadh	thoghtaí / toghtaí^‡

	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
future	toghfaidh mé; toghfad	toghfaidh tú; toghfair^†	toghfaidh sé, sí	toghfaimid; toghfaidh muid	toghfaidh sibh	toghfaidh siad; toghfaid^†	a thoghfaidh; a thoghfas	toghfar
conditional	thoghfainn / toghfainn^‡	thoghfá / toghfá^‡	thoghfadh sé, sí / toghfadh sé, sí^‡	thoghfaimis; thoghfadh muid / toghfaimis^‡; toghfadh muid^‡	thoghfadh sibh / toghfadh sibh^‡	thoghfaidís; thoghfadh siad / toghfaidís^‡; toghfadh siad^‡	a thoghfadh	thoghfaí / toghfaí^‡

subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
subjunctive	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	go dtogha mé; go dtoghad^†	go dtogha tú; go dtoghair^†	go dtogha sé, sí	go dtoghaimid; go dtogha muid	go dtogha sibh	go dtogha siad; go dtoghaid^†	—	go dtoghtar
past	dá dtoghainn	dá dtoghtá	dá dtoghadh sé, sí	dá dtoghaimis; dá dtoghadh muid	dá dtoghadh sibh	dá dtoghaidís; dá dtoghadh siad	—	dá dtoghtaí

imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
imperative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
—	toghaim	togh	toghadh sé, sí	toghaimis	toghaigí; toghaidh^†	toghaidís	—	toghtar

past participle	tofa

verbal noun	toghadh

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Alternative past participle: toighte (Ulster)

Related terms

togha m (“pick, choice”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of *togh*
radical	lenition	eclipsis
togh	thogh	dtogh

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Ó Cuív, Brian (1968), The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 355, page 112; reprinted 1988
^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 31

Middle English

Noun

togh

alternative form of tow

[1] Ó Cuív, Brian (1968), The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 355, page 112; reprinted 1988

[2] Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 31

[1]

[2]