tháu đấm

Vietnamese

Examples

𱸳 (𱸳) về (attested in 12th century), originally written as 𧗱, but the 行 component was replaced with two dots.
⿻古八 có, originally written as 固, but the 囗 component was replaced with two dots.
⿲丶字丿 chữ, originally written as 𡨸, but the 宁 component was replaced with two dots.
⿲丶豆丿 đầu, originally written as 頭, but the 頁 component was replaced with two dots.
⿲丶⿱山𠮛丿 vi, originally written as 㣲, but 彳and 攵 was replaced with two dots.

Etymology

From tháu (“hasty; sloppy”) +‎ đấm (“to punch”) or Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 草點 (“cursive dot”, SV: thảo điểm).

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [tʰaw˧˦ ʔɗəm˧˦]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [tʰaw˨˩˦ ʔɗəm˦˧˥]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [tʰa(ː)w˦˥ ʔɗəm˦˥]

Noun

tháu đấm

  1. (historical) abbreviation of a character (derived from cursive) by replacing a component of a character with two dots on both sides.
    • 2002, Nguyễn Thị Chân Quỳnh, Khoa cử Việt Nam [Confucian court examinations in Vietnam], Literature Publishers:
      Chữ "tháu đấm" là viết một bộ phận chữ ở giữa rồi "đấm" hai bên tả hữu hai nét chấm. Mười chữ thì viết "tháu đấm" đến sáu, bẩy. Lâu dần "tháu đấm" thành một lối thư pháp đặc biệt. Lối viết tháu ấy ra ngoài cả phép tắc viết của các thiếp chữ thảo của Tầu
      The character form called “tháu đấm” consists of writing a central component of a character and then “punching” two dots on the left and right. Out of ten characters, six or seven would be written with the “tháu đấm” [abbreviation]. Over time, “tháu đấm” became into a distinctive style of calligraphy. This scrawling style went beyond all the conventions found in Chinese cursive-script copybooks.
    • 2019, Nguyễn Tuấn Cường, “Research of square scripts in Vietnam: An overview and prospects”, in Journal of Chinese Writing Systems (in English), page 195:
      There are also variants of several common stroke patterns such as the so-called ‘tháu đấm’, which is represented by two points on either side of a simplified form of a character.
    • 2024, Trịnh Khắc Mạnh, Chữ Hán dị thể ở Việt Nam [Chinese character variants in Vietnam], Thế Giới Publishers, page 43:
      Lại có những trường hợp biến thể chung ở hàng loạt chữ Hán, ví dụ chữ “tháu đấm" (thảo điểm 草點) được tạo ra bằng cách giữ lại một phần của chữ, phần còn lại thì biến thành 2 nét chấm ở hai bên
      There are also cases of common variants in a series of Chinese characters. For example, a tháu đấm character (thảo điểm 草點) is created by keeping one part of the character, while the remaining part is transformed into two dot-strokes placed on both sides.

See also

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