tanpa
Indonesian
Etymology
Inherited from Malay tanpa, from Classical Malay tanpa, from Javanese tanpa (ꦠꦤ꧀ꦥ, “without”), from Old Javanese tan apa (“not matter”).
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -pa
- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈtanpa/ [ˈt̪an.pa]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -anpa
- Syllabification: tan‧pa
Preposition
tanpa
- without (not having)
Further reading
- “tanpa”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
Japanese
Romanization
tanpa
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Baku, Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /ˈtanpa/ [ˈt̪am.pa]
- Rhymes: -anpa, -ampa
- (schwa-variety) IPA(key): /ˈtanpə/ [ˈt̪am.pə]
- Rhymes: -anpə, -ampə
- Hyphenation: tan‧pa
Preposition
tanpa (Jawi spelling تنڤا)
- without (not having)
- Synonyms: tidak ada, tidak ber-, sonder
Usage notes
"Tanpa" is part of a word or clause (like "non-" or "un-"), whereas "tidak ada" is used as a response.
For example, "tidak ada orang" (there are no people), and "tanpa orang" (lacking any people).
Descendants
- > Indonesian: tanpa (inherited)
Further reading
- "tanpa" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017