tabhair

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish ·tabair, prototonic form of do·beir.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Munster) IPA(key): /ˈt̪ˠuːɾʲ/
  • (Connacht, Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈt̪ˠoːɾʲ/
  • Note: The phrase tabhair dhom (“give me, gimme”) is pronounced /ˈt̪ˠɔɾˠəmˠ/ in rapid speech.

Verb

tabhair (present analytic tugann, future analytic tabharfaidh, verbal noun tabhairt, past participle tugtha) (ambitransitive)

  1. to give
  2. to bring

Conjugation

Conjugation of tabhair (irregular)
indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present tugaim tugann tú; tugair† tugann sé, sí tugaimid;
tugann muid 		tugann sibh tugann siad;
tugaid† 		a thugann; a thugas tugtar
past thug mé;
thugas 		thug tú;
thugais 		thug sé, sí thugamar;
thug muid 		thug sibh;
thugabhair 		thug siad;
thugadar 		a thug tugadh
past habitual thugainn / tugainn‡ thugtá / tugtᇠthugadh sé, sí / tugadh sé, sí‡ thugaimis;
thugadh muid / tugaimis‡; tugadh muid‡ 		thugadh sibh / tugadh sibh‡ thugaidís;
thugadh siad / tugaidís‡; tugadh siad‡ 		a thugadh thugtaí / tugtaí‡
singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future tabharfaidh mé;
tabharfad 		tabharfaidh tú;
tabharfair† 		tabharfaidh sé, sí tabharfaimid;
tabharfaidh muid 		tabharfaidh sibh tabharfaidh siad;
tabharfaid† 		a thabharfaidh; a thabharfas tabharfar
conditional thabharfainn / tabharfainn‡ thabharfá / tabharfᇠthabharfadh sé, sí / tabharfadh sé, sí‡ thabharfaimis;
thabharfadh muid / tabharfaimis‡; tabharfadh muid‡ 		thabharfadh sibh / tabharfadh sibh‡ thabharfaidís;
thabharfadh siad / tabharfaidís‡; tabharfadh siad‡ 		a thabharfadh thabharfaí / tabharfaí‡
subjunctive singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present go dtuga mé;
go dtugad† 		go dtuga tú;
go dtugair† 		go dtuga sé, sí go dtugaimid;
go dtuga muid 		go dtuga sibh go dtuga siad;
go dtugaid† 		— go dtugtar
past dá dtugainn dá dtugtá dá dtugadh sé, sí dá dtugaimis;
dá dtugadh muid 		dá dtugadh sibh dá dtugaidís;
dá dtugadh siad 		— dá dtugtaí
imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
— tugaim tabhair tugadh sé, sí tugaimis tugaigí;
tugaidh† 		tugaidís — tugtar
past participle tugtha
verbal noun tabhairt
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form

in older literary language, and sometimes in spoken language, additional forms built on the stems bheir- and tabhr- are found:
indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present bheirim / tabhraim‡ bheir tú;
bheirir / tabhrann tú ‡;
tabhrair‡ 		bheir sé, sí / tabhrann sé, sí‡ bheirimid;
bheir muid / tabhraimid‡;
tabhrann muid‡ 		bheir sibh / tabhrann sibh‡ bheir siad;
bheirid / tabhrann siad‡;
tabhraid‡ 		a bheir;
a bheireas 		bheirtear / tabhartar‡
past habitual bheirinn / tabhrainn‡ bheirteá / tabhartᇠbheireadh sé, sí / tabhradh sé, sí‡ bheirimis;
bheireadh muid / tabhraimis‡;
tabhradh muid‡ 		bheireadh sibh / tabhradh sibh‡ bheiridís;
bheireadh siad / tabhraidís‡;
tabhradh siad‡ 		a bheireadh / bheirtí / tabhartaí‡
singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future bhéarfaidh mé;
bhéarfad / tiubhraidh mé‡;
tiubhrad‡ 		bhéarfaidh tú;
bhéarfair / tiubhraidh tú‡;
tiubhrair‡ 		bhéarfaidh sé, sí / tiubhraidh sé, sí‡ bhéarfaimid;
bhéarfaidh muid / tiubhraimid‡;
tiubhraidh muid‡ 		bhéarfaidh sibh / tiubhraidh sibh‡ bhéarfaidh siad;
bhéarfaid / tiubhraidh siad‡;
tiubhraid‡ 		a bhéarfaidh;
a bhéarfas 		bhéarfar / tiubhrar‡
conditional bhéarfainn / tiubhrainn‡ bhéarfá / tiubhrᇠbhéarfadh sé, sí / tiubhradh sé, sí‡ bhéarfaimis;
bhéarfadh muid / tiubhraimis‡;
tiubhradh muid‡ 		bhéarfadh sibh / tiubhradh sibh‡ bhéarfaidís;
bhéarfadh siad / tiubhraidís‡;
tiubhradh siad‡ 		a bhéarfadh bhéarfaí / tiubhraí‡
imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
— tabhraim tabhair tabhradh sé, sí tabhraimis tabhraigí;
tabhraidh 		tabhraidís — tabhartar

Derived terms

  • tabhair aird (“pay attention, heed”)
  • tabhair ar (“give in exchange for; call, name”)
  • tabhair as (“take, bring, out of”)
  • tabhair chuig (“take to; bring to”)
  • tabhair chun (“take to; bring to”)
  • tabhair do (“give to; yield, concede, to”)
  • tabhair faoi (“attempt, undertake; attack”)
  • tabhair i (“take, bring, into”)
  • tabhair isteach (“introduce; retrieve”)
  • tabhair le (“grasp mentally, infer; turn towards”)
  • tabhair ó (“bring from; make, attempt”)
  • tabhair suas (“give up”)
  • tabhartha (“illegitimate”)
  • tabharthach (“dative”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of tabhair
radical lenition eclipsis
tabhair thabhair dtabhair

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do·beir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “tabhair”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “do-ḃeirim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 249
  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “tugaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 763
  • “tabhair”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish ·tabair, prototonic form of do·beir.[1]

Verb

tabhair (past thug, future bheir, verbal noun toirt, past participle tugta)

  1. to give, bestow, grant

Usage notes

  • tabhair and thoir are interchangeable.

Mutation

Mutation of tabhair
radical lenition
tabhair thabhair

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do·beir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “tabhair”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • MacLennan, Malcolm (1925), A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.