swaddling hypothesis

English

Etymology

From swaddling +‎ hypothesis.

Noun

swaddling hypothesis (uncountable)

  1. (now rare) A contentious theory, first proposed by Geoffrey Gorer, that purported the tight swaddling of Russian (and Eastern European) infants contributed to their supposed submissive and passively obedient nature and sudden emotional outbursts later in life, which made the rise of communist dictatorships in their countries possible.
    Synonym: (derogatory) diaperology
    • 1950 November, “The People of Great Russia: A Psychological Study”, in The Atlantic‎[1], volume 186, number 5:
      Gorer's most provocative interpretations grow out of his "swaddling hypothesis" — his original theory that the Russian practice of tightly swaddling infants has certain lasting and pronounced emotional consequences.
    • 1954 June, Margaret Mead, “The Swaddling Hypothesis: Its Reception”, in Sol Tax, editor, American Anthropologist, volume 56, number 3, Wiley, →DOI, page 403:
      It must be emphasized here that the usefulness of the swaddling hypothesis lies in its function in leading to a coherent theory of Russian personality, within which our existing information about Soviet behavior can be ordered and made intelligible.
    • 1978, W. J. M. Mackenzie, Political Identity, Manchester University Press, →ISBN, page 46:
      Popular success, academic failure, were confirmed because of the 'swaddling hypothesis'. Russian peasant children used, for their first months, to be 'swaddled' in the old sense, which one can see in some late medieval pictures; that is to say, bandaged tightly and bound to a board.
    • 1999, Susan Hegeman, Patterns for America: Modernism and the Concept of Culture, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 167:
      Nevertheless, caricatured as "diaperology" the Russian swaddling hypothesis did much to discredit the culture-and-personality approach in academic circles.
    • 2020 May 5, Jennifer Wilson, “The Circle”, in The Nation‎[2]:
      Therein lay the explanation, Gorer and Rickman insisted, for why the Soviets preferred the warm cloak of authoritarianism to the freedoms of Western liberalism. The theory, which came to be known as the swaddling hypothesis, was roundly and rightfully mocked. One critic called it "diaperology." Gorer's friend and fellow anthropologist Margaret Mead defended and even doubled down on his theory; she insisted that in swaddling them for so long, "Russians communicate to their infants a feeling that a strong authority is necessary."
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