shryven

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old English sċrīfan, from Proto-West Germanic *skrīban.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈʃriːvən/

Verb

shryven

  1. To confess, admit one's sins, shrive.
    • 1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur Book XXI, Chapter ii, leaf 421v:
      And thenne whan paper & ynke was broughte thenne Gawayn was set vp weykely by kynge Arthur for he was shryuen a lytel tofore and thenne he wrote thus as the Frensshe book maketh mencyon
      And then when paper and ink was brought, then Gawaine was set up weakly by King Arthur, for he was shriven a little to-fore; and then he wrote thus, as the French book maketh mention
  2. To confess or admit in other contexts.
  3. To listen to or hear the sacrament of confession.
  4. To impose either penance or absolution in response to a confession.
  5. (usually in translation) To give thanks to God.

Conjugation

Conjugation of shryven (strong class 1)
infinitive (to) shryven, shryve
present tense past tense
1st-person singular shryve shrof
2nd-person singular shryvest shrove1, shryve1, shreve1
3rd-person singular shryveth shrof
subjunctive singular shryve shrove2, shryve2, shreve2
imperative singular —
plural3 shryven, shryve shroven, shrove, shryven, shryve, shreven, shreve
imperative plural shryveth, shryve —
participles shryvynge, shryvende shryven, shryve, shreven, shreve

1 Later replaced by the 1st-/3rd-person singular or shrofest.
2 Later replaced by the indicative.
3 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

  • English: shrive
  • Scots: schrive, shrive (all archaic)

References

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