sīlma

From Proto-Finnic *silmä, from Proto-Uralic *śilmä. Cognates include Finnish silmä, Estonian silm and Hungarian szem.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /ˈsiːlmɑ/, [ˈsiːlmɑ]

sīlma (plural sīlmad)

1. eye (body part)
   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[1], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     glōzizt sīlmad

     glassy eyes

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[2], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     ku midāgõst um sīlmasõ, siz ta groužõb, vaimi põzāg sizālõs

     when something is in the eye, then it irritates, sharp grit inside [the eye]

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[3], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     kaddõ siļmšti ~ kaddõ sīlmad jedstõ

     to disappear from sight

     (literally, “to disappear from eyes”)

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[4], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     ma äb või tǟnda sīlma tutkāmõs kandatõ

     I can't stand him for anything / I hate his guts

     (literally, “I can't stand him in the edge of my eyes ~ as soon as he enters my field of vision, it pisses me off”)

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[5], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     ku lǟb maggõm, siz äb või räukõ, ku tuļļizt kīņḑõld kitābõd siļmi, tīebõd sīlman slikțõ

     when [one] goes to sleep [one] cannot cry, because hot tears burn the eyes, they do harm to the eye

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[6], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     ta vaņtliz min pǟlõ kõzzizt sīlmadõks

     he looked at me with angry eyes

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[7], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     sīlmast (~ siļmšti) ulzõ laskõ

     to let out of sight

     (literally, “to let out of eye(s)”)

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[8], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     tämmõn um nǟr sīlmas

     he has a sty in (his) eye

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[9], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     tämmõn kazīz nǟr silmõ

     he had a sty grow inside of (his) eye

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[10], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     ma vaņtliz nōvõn siļmiz

     I was looking death in the eyes

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[11], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     siļmõz vaņțlõ

     to look in the eye

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[12], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     siļmi pilktõ (~ piltõ)

     to blink eyes

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[13], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     siļmšt [siļmšti?] sōņi vȭlgidi

     neck deep in debt

     (literally, “up to the eyes in debt”)

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[14], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     sīlmadõn lǟb pōmi pūol pǟlõ

     eyes roll back

     (literally, “the left side goes over the eyes”)

   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[15], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     min um jelāmõst tīedõ ja īd sīlmaks vakțõmõst tǟnda

     I have work to do and to look after him with one eye

2. (knitting) stitch (a loop of yarn)
   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[16], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     sukā sīlma

     stitch of a (knit) sock

3. mesh (the space between the threads of a (fishing) net)
   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[17], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     võrgõ sīlma

     net mesh

     (literally, “an eye of a net”)

4. eye (of a needle or some type of a hole in other tools)
   • 2012–2013, “sīlma”, in Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits, editors, Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[18], Tartu, Riga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra:

     kirrõ sīlma

     the hole of an ax handle

     (literally, “ax eye”)

Term has variation in its locative forms. Alternative sg. illative form siļmõz, sg. inessive sīlmasõ, pl. illative siļmiz, see quotations.

• Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “sīlma”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[19] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra