rakur

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈraːkʏr/
    Rhymes: -aːkʏr

Etymology 1

    Uncertain. Probably cognate with Norwegian Nynorsk rak (“fermented”). Related to raki m (“moisture”).[1] Furthermore possibly related to regn n (“rain”), but this is difficult to reconcile.[2]

    Adjective

    rakur (comparative rakari, superlative rakastur)

    1. moist, damp
      Hypernyms: blautur, votur (“wet”)
      Látið deigið lyfta sér undir rökum klút í 45 mínútur. ― Let the dough proove under a moist cloth for 45 minutes.
    2. (meteorology) humid
      Hyponym: mollulegur (“hot and sticky”)
      Loftið var svo rakt að það var erfitt að anda. ― The humidity was so great that breathing became troublesome.
    3. tipsy
      Synonyms: hífaður, hreifur
      Hypernym: fullur (“drunk”)
      Einhver sem drekkur 2-3 bjóra á hverju kvöldi er alltaf rakur og getur ekki ekið bifreið ef á þarf að halda.
      Someone who drinks 2-3 beers every night is always tipsy and cannot drive a car if necessary.
    Declension
    Positive forms of rakur
    strong declension
    (indefinite)     		singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative rakur rök rakt
    accusative rakan raka
    dative rökum rakri röku
    genitive raks rakrar raks
    plural masculine feminine neuter
    nominative rakir rakar rök
    accusative raka
    dative rökum
    genitive rakra
    weak declension
    (definite)     		singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative raki raka raka
    acc/dat/gen raka röku
    plural (all-case) röku
    Comparative forms of rakur
    weak declension
    (definite)     		masculine feminine neuter
    singular (all-case) rakari rakari rakara
    plural (all-case) rakari
    Superlative forms of rakur
    strong declension
    (indefinite)     		singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative rakastur rökust rakast
    accusative rakastan rakasta
    dative rökustum rakastri rökustu
    genitive rakasts rakastrar rakasts
    plural masculine feminine neuter
    nominative rakastir rakastar rökust
    accusative rakasta
    dative rökustum
    genitive rakastra
    weak declension
    (definite)     		singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative rakasti rakasta rakasta
    acc/dat/gen rakasta rökustu
    plural (all-case) rökustu
    • raki m (“moisture”)
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

      From Old Norse rakr, from Proto-Germanic *rakaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃roǵ-ó-s.[3]

      Adjective

      rakur (comparative rakari, superlative rakastur)

      1. (obsolete) straight
        Synonyms: beinn, réttur
      Declension
      Positive forms of rakur
      strong declension
      (indefinite)       		singular masculine feminine neuter
      nominative rakur rök rakt
      accusative rakan raka
      dative rökum rakri röku
      genitive raks rakrar raks
      plural masculine feminine neuter
      nominative rakir rakar rök
      accusative raka
      dative rökum
      genitive rakra
      weak declension
      (definite)       		singular masculine feminine neuter
      nominative raki raka raka
      acc/dat/gen raka röku
      plural (all-case) röku
      Comparative forms of rakur
      weak declension
      (definite)       		masculine feminine neuter
      singular (all-case) rakari rakari rakara
      plural (all-case) rakari
      Superlative forms of rakur
      strong declension
      (indefinite)       		singular masculine feminine neuter
      nominative rakastur rökust rakast
      accusative rakastan rakasta
      dative rökustum rakastri rökustu
      genitive rakasts rakastrar rakasts
      plural masculine feminine neuter
      nominative rakastir rakastar rökust
      accusative rakasta
      dative rökustum
      genitive rakastra
      weak declension
      (definite)       		singular masculine feminine neuter
      nominative rakasti rakasta rakasta
      acc/dat/gen rakasta rökustu
      plural (all-case) rökustu
      Derived terms
      • rakleið f (“geodesic”)
      • rakleiðis, rakleitt (“straight, directly”, adverb)
      • rak n (“wick”)
      • raka (“to shave, rake”)
      • raka f (“row, sequence”) (obsolete)
      • rakkur (“straigh, upright”) (obsolete)
      • rakna (“to unravel”)
      • rák f (“thin stripe; groove”)
      • reka f (“shovel”)
      • rekja (“to unravel; to trace”)
      • rekkja f (“bed”)
      • rekkur m (“man, warrior”) (obsolete)
      • réttur (“straight, right”)
      • rök n pl (“logic, reason”)

      References

      1. ^ Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989), “2. rakur”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN, page 740 (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)
      2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*regna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 408
      3. ^ Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989), “1. rakur”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN, page 740 (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)

      Further reading

      • Kristín Bjarnadóttir, editor (2002–2026), “rakur”, in Beygingarlýsing íslensks nútímamáls [The Database of Modern Icelandic Inflection] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies
      • “rakur” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
      • “rakur”, in Íðorðabanki [Terminology Bank] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, 2002–2024
      • “rakur”, in Ritmálssafn Orðabókar Háskólans [The Written Collection of the Lexicological Institute] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies
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