plumbum

Learned borrowing from Latin plumbum.

plumbum (uncountable)

1. Lead.
   • 1846 August 11, L. Woodruff, “Dr. Ingall’s Case of Tumor”, in J[erome] V[an] C[rowninsfield] Smith, editor, The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, volume XXXV, Boston, Mass.: David Clapp, […], published 1847:

     He says that “in a tumor which bore a strong resemblance to an osteocele, of a most intractable character,” the pain was soon relieved and the tumefaction disappeared, after the use of two globules of plumbum, and then asks if the infinitesimal dose of plumbum produced its resolution; […]

   • 1916 November 15, Fritz C. Askenstedt, “Some High Blood-Pressure Remedies”, in The North American Journal of Homeopathy, 69th year, Chicago, Ill.: American Medical Union, published 1921, page 1117:

     My experience with plumbum has not been extensive, and the results, so far, not very encouraging, but it must be admitted that my employment of this medicine has been in the most hopeless cases. The lack of uniformity of action of plumbum, and the fact that the majority of a city population are daily subjected to its influence in minute doses through the water supply, may also account for an uncertainty of its therapeutic action.

   • 2016, Muchlisyam, Jansen Silalahi, Urip Harahap, “Hemicellulose: Isolation and Its Application in Pharmacy”, in Vijay Kumar Thakur, Manju Kumari Thakur, editors, Handbook of Sustainable Polymers: Processing and Applications, Boca Raton, Fla.: Pan Stanford Publishing, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 330:

     Rabbits were given 100 mcg of cadmium ions and 100 mcg of plumbum ions orally every 2 days for 2 weeks and then as much as 3 cm³ of it was drawn. The total of 1 cm³ was used to determine the levels of cadmium and plumbum in the blood.

• “plumbum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

Borrowed from Latin plumbum (“lead (metal)”).

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈplumbum/ [ˈplum.bʊm]
• Rhymes: -umbum
• Syllabification: plum‧bum

plumbum (plural plumbum-plumbum)

1. lead (chemical element)

   Synonyms: timah hitam, timbal

• “plumbum”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Traditionally connected to Ancient Greek μόλυβδος (mólubdos, “lead”); however, this is repudiated by Beekes, who instead connects the Latin term to Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom (“lead”).^[1] De Vaan accepts this cognate pairing, but notes that the Latin and Celtic terms would have to be borrowed from a substrate language due to phonetic mismatches if the Latin were inherited directly from Proto-Indo-European *plowdʰo- (“lead”).^[2] Said substrate may be Etruscan, Iberian, or some other pre-Indo-European Mediterranean language; compare Proto-Berber *būldūn.^[2]

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpɫʊm.bũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈplum.bum]

plumbum n (genitive plumbī); second declension

1. lead (metal)
2. ball of lead
3. (poetic) pipe of lead
4. (New Latin) pencil

Second-declension noun (neuter).

• (a ball of lead): plumbea

• plumbum album
• plumbum nigrum

• “plumbum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “plumbum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "plumbum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “plumbum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “plumbum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

• pelambam

Learned borrowing from Latin plumbum.

• IPA^(key): [plumbom], [plumbəm], [plambəm]
• Rhymes: -umbom, -bom, -om

plumbum (Jawi spelling ڤلومبوم, uncountable)

1. lead (chemical element)

   Synonyms: timah hitam, timbel