piaffer
English
Etymology
Noun
piaffer (plural piaffers)
- A dressage movement in which a horse trots in a stationary position while using high lifting of the legs.
French
Etymology
Onomatopoeic origin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pja.fe/
Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (Canada (Shawinigan)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
piaffer
- (of a horse) to stamp, paw the ground
- 1857, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary […][1], Paris: Michel Lévy Frères:
- Elle s'arrêta pour laisser passer un cheval noir, piaffant dans les brancards d'un tilbury que conduisait un gentleman en fourrure de zibeline.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (of a person) to stamp one's feet
Conjugation
Conjugation of piaffer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | piaffer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | piaffant /pja.fɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | piaffé /pja.fe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | piaffe /pjaf/ |
piaffes /pjaf/ |
piaffe /pjaf/ |
piaffons /pja.fɔ̃/ |
piaffez /pja.fe/ |
piaffent /pjaf/ |
| imperfect | piaffais /pja.fɛ/ |
piaffais /pja.fɛ/ |
piaffait /pja.fɛ/ |
piaffions /pja.fjɔ̃/ |
piaffiez /pja.fje/ |
piaffaient /pja.fɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | piaffai /pja.fe/ |
piaffas /pja.fa/ |
piaffa /pja.fa/ |
piaffâmes /pja.fam/ |
piaffâtes /pja.fat/ |
piaffèrent /pja.fɛʁ/ | |
| future | piafferai /pja.fʁe/ |
piafferas /pja.fʁa/ |
piaffera /pja.fʁa/ |
piafferons /pja.fʁɔ̃/ |
piafferez /pja.fʁe/ |
piafferont /pja.fʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | piafferais /pja.fʁɛ/ |
piafferais /pja.fʁɛ/ |
piafferait /pja.fʁɛ/ |
piafferions /pja.fə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
piafferiez /pja.fə.ʁje/ |
piafferaient /pja.fʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | piaffe /pjaf/ |
piaffes /pjaf/ |
piaffe /pjaf/ |
piaffions /pja.fjɔ̃/ |
piaffiez /pja.fje/ |
piaffent /pjaf/ |
| imperfect2 | piaffasse /pja.fas/ |
piaffasses /pja.fas/ |
piaffât /pja.fa/ |
piaffassions /pja.fa.sjɔ̃/ |
piaffassiez /pja.fa.sje/ |
piaffassent /pja.fas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | piaffe /pjaf/ |
— | piaffons /pja.fɔ̃/ |
piaffez /pja.fe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Descendants
Further reading
- “piaffer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
Swedish
Noun
piaffer
- definite singular of piaff