orcaid

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *orgeti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erg- (“perish”). Cognate with Hittite 𒄯𒀝𒍣 (ḫar-ak-zi /⁠ḫarkzi⁠/).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈoɾ.ɡəðʲ/
    • (Blasse) [ˈoɾ.ɡɪðʲ]
    • (Griffith) [ˈoɾ.ɡɨðʲ]

Verb

orcaid (conjunct ·oirc or ·oirg, verbal noun orcun)

  1. to kill, slay
    Synonym: marbaid
    For quotations using this term, see Citations:orcaid.

Inflection

This verb augments to form perfect forms with the usual prefix ro-. However, virtually all its compounds use com- instead for this purpose.

Simple, class B I present, t preterite, s future, s subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative abs. orcaid, orggaid orgait
conj. ·oirc; ·oirg ·orcat ·orgar
rel. orcas oircte
imperfect indicative ·oircthe
preterite abs. oirt ortae
conj. ·urt ·uirt ·ort ·ortammar ·ortid ·ortatar ·ort
rel. orta
perfect deut. ro·ort
prot. ·rort
future abs. íurthund (with suffixed pronoun -unn) iurait
conj. ·iurr ·íírr ·ior ·iurat
rel. íuras
conditional ·íurmais
present subjunctive abs.
conj. ·oir ·orr ·orat
rel.
past subjunctive
imperative
verbal noun orcun
past participle ortae
verbal of necessity

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: oirgid, airgid

Mutation

Mutation of orcaid
radical lenition nasalization
orcaid
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)		 orcaid n-orcaid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 300

Further reading

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