nach-

Formed from the preposition nach (“past, after”).

• IPA^(key): [naːχ]

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

nach- (separable)

1. indicates a later action

   ‎nach- + ‎arbeiten (“to work”) → ‎nacharbeiten (“to rework, touch up”)

   ‎nach- + ‎klingen (“to sound, make a sound”) → ‎nachklingen (“to echo, linger”)

2. indicates following or pursuit of someone or something

   ‎nach- + ‎gehen (“to walk”) → ‎nachgehen (“to follow, pursue”)

   ‎nach- + ‎fahren (“to drive”) → ‎nachfahren (“to follow someone [by car]”)

3. indicates repetition or succession

   ‎nach- + ‎füllen (“to fill up”) → ‎nachfüllen (“to refill”)

   ‎nach- + ‎kaufen (“to buy”) → ‎nachkaufen (“to restock”)

   1. to check something

      ‎nach- + ‎zählen (“to count”) → ‎nachzählen (“to count again, double-check an amount”)

      ‎nach- + ‎prüfen → ‎nachprüfen

   2. to improve something

      ‎nach- + ‎färben (“to dye”) → ‎nachfärben (“to redye”)

      ‎nach- + ‎helfen (“to help”) → ‎nachhelfen (“to give extra help; give private lessons”)

4. indicates the exact copying of something

   ‎nach- + ‎machen (“to do”) → ‎nachmachen (“to copy, imitate”)

   ‎nach- + ‎drucken (“to print”) → ‎nachdrucken (“to reprint”)

   ‎nach- + ‎beten (“to pray”) → ‎nachbeten (“to repeat a prayer”)

5. indicates a purposeful action

   ‎nach- + ‎denken (“to think”) → ‎nachdenken (“to ponder”)

   ‎nach- + ‎forschen → ‎nachforschen

• nach

• IPA^(key): /n̪ax-/

nach-

1. alternative form of ná (negative particle used with the imperative) used before an infixed pronoun
2. alternative form of nád (negative particle used in relative and noun clauses) used before an infixed pronoun

Takes a connecting vowel a (in the Milan glosses) or i (in the Würzburg glosses) before a consonant-initial infixed pronoun.

See Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns § Infixed pronouns for forms.

• arnach-

• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) [1909], D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of Handbuch des Alt-Irischen (in German), →ISBN, pages 265, 539; reprinted 2017