miễn cưỡng

Vietnamese

Etymology

    Sino-Vietnamese word from 勉強, composed of 勉 (“to force”) and 強 (“to compel”), from Literary Chinese 勉強 (“to compel; compelled; reluctant”). Compare Japanese 勉強 (benkyō, “self-imposed work; study; learning”).

    Pronunciation

    • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [miən˦ˀ˥ kɨəŋ˦ˀ˥]
    • (Huế) IPA(key): [miəŋ˧˨ kɨəŋ˧˨]
    • (Saigon) IPA(key): [miəŋ˨˩˦ kɨəŋ˨˩˦]

    Adjective

    miễn cưỡng

    1. unwilling; reluctant

    Adverb

    miễn cưỡng

    1. unwillingly; reluctantly
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