lautua

Finnish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlɑu̯tuɑˣ/, [ˈlɑ̝u̯t̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ɑutuɑ
  • Syllabification(key): lau‧tu‧a
  • Hyphenation(key): lau‧tua

Etymology 1

    Unknown. Cognates include Karelian lautuo, Lule Sami lawˈdâ (“dispersed”) and lawˈdât (“to spread, disperse”). Possibly from Proto-Germanic *laudaz (“great”), perhaps with +‎ -tua; compare lauti (“dispersed”), as well as Gothic *𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (*lauþs, “great”) and 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (liudan, “to grow”).

    Verb

    lautua (dialectal, intransitive)

    1. to spread, multiply; to grow stronger (particularly of skin conditions)
    Usage notes
    Dialectal distribution of lautua
    • Southern Tavastia (Etelä-Häme) [Tavastian dialects]
      • Tammela
    • Central Ostrobothnia (Keski-Pohjanmaa) [Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects]
      • Nivala
    • Northern Ostrobothnia (Pohjois-Pohjanmaa) [Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects]
      • Hailuoto, Liminka, Muhos, Oulujoki, Pudasjärvi, Raahe, Rantsila, Tyrnävä, Utajärvi
    • Kainuu [Savonian dialects]
      • Puolanka, Sotkamo, Vuolijoki
    • Northern Karelia (Pohjois-Karjala) [Savonian dialects]
      • Kitee
    • Central Karelia (Keski-Karjala) [Southeastern dialects]
      • Gromovo (Sakkola), Kurkijoki, Melnikovskoye (Räisälä), Parikkala

    The classification of and data for regional dialects is based on pre-1950s data. Since the 1950s, the dialects have become increasingly mixed, levelled and influenced by Standard Finnish. Besides Standard Finnish, a relatively uniform and originally urban 'colloquial Finnish' is beginning to emerge in their place, especially in the cities.

    Source: Suomen murteiden sanakirja by Kotimaisten kielten keskus (CC BY 4.0); see the information for the background image for its sources and licensing

    Conjugation
    Inflection of lautua (Kotus type 52*F/sanoa, t-d gradation)
    indicative mood
    present tense perfect
    person positive negative person positive negative
    1st sing. laudun en laudu 1st sing. olen lautunut en ole lautunut
    2nd sing. laudut et laudu 2nd sing. olet lautunut et ole lautunut
    3rd sing. lautuu ei laudu 3rd sing. on lautunut ei ole lautunut
    1st plur. laudumme emme laudu 1st plur. olemme lautuneet emme ole lautuneet
    2nd plur. laudutte ette laudu 2nd plur. olette lautuneet ette ole lautuneet
    3rd plur. lautuvat eivät laudu 3rd plur. ovat lautuneet eivät ole lautuneet
    passive laudutaan ei lauduta passive on lauduttu ei ole lauduttu
    past tense pluperfect
    person positive negative person positive negative
    1st sing. lauduin en lautunut 1st sing. olin lautunut en ollut lautunut
    2nd sing. lauduit et lautunut 2nd sing. olit lautunut et ollut lautunut
    3rd sing. lautui ei lautunut 3rd sing. oli lautunut ei ollut lautunut
    1st plur. lauduimme emme lautuneet 1st plur. olimme lautuneet emme olleet lautuneet
    2nd plur. lauduitte ette lautuneet 2nd plur. olitte lautuneet ette olleet lautuneet
    3rd plur. lautuivat eivät lautuneet 3rd plur. olivat lautuneet eivät olleet lautuneet
    passive lauduttiin ei lauduttu passive oli lauduttu ei ollut lauduttu
    conditional mood
    present perfect
    person positive negative person positive negative
    1st sing. lautuisin en lautuisi 1st sing. olisin lautunut en olisi lautunut
    2nd sing. lautuisit et lautuisi 2nd sing. olisit lautunut et olisi lautunut
    3rd sing. lautuisi ei lautuisi 3rd sing. olisi lautunut ei olisi lautunut
    1st plur. lautuisimme emme lautuisi 1st plur. olisimme lautuneet emme olisi lautuneet
    2nd plur. lautuisitte ette lautuisi 2nd plur. olisitte lautuneet ette olisi lautuneet
    3rd plur. lautuisivat eivät lautuisi 3rd plur. olisivat lautuneet eivät olisi lautuneet
    passive lauduttaisiin ei lauduttaisi passive olisi lauduttu ei olisi lauduttu
    imperative mood
    present perfect
    person positive negative person positive negative
    1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
    2nd sing. laudu älä laudu 2nd sing. — —
    3rd sing. lautukoon älköön lautuko 3rd sing. olkoon lautunut älköön olko lautunut
    1st plur. lautukaamme älkäämme lautuko 1st plur. — —
    2nd plur. lautukaa älkää lautuko 2nd plur. — —
    3rd plur. lautukoot älkööt lautuko 3rd plur. olkoot lautuneet älkööt olko lautuneet
    passive lauduttakoon älköön lauduttako passive olkoon lauduttu älköön olko lauduttu
    potential mood
    present perfect
    person positive negative person positive negative
    1st sing. lautunen en lautune 1st sing. lienen lautunut en liene lautunut
    2nd sing. lautunet et lautune 2nd sing. lienet lautunut et liene lautunut
    3rd sing. lautunee ei lautune 3rd sing. lienee lautunut ei liene lautunut
    1st plur. lautunemme emme lautune 1st plur. lienemme lautuneet emme liene lautuneet
    2nd plur. lautunette ette lautune 2nd plur. lienette lautuneet ette liene lautuneet
    3rd plur. lautunevat eivät lautune 3rd plur. lienevät lautuneet eivät liene lautuneet
    passive lauduttaneen ei lauduttane passive lienee lauduttu ei liene lauduttu
    Nominal forms
    infinitives participles
    active passive active passive
    1st lautua present lautuva lauduttava
    long 1st1
    Possessive forms
    Person sing. plur.
    1st lautuakseni lautuaksemme
    2nd lautuaksesi lautuaksenne
    3rd lautuakseen
    lautuaksensa
    		past lautunut lauduttu
    2nd inessive2 lautuessa lauduttaessa agent4 lautuma
    Possessive forms
    Person sing. plur.
    1st lautuessani lautuessamme
    2nd lautuessasi lautuessanne
    3rd lautuessaan
    lautuessansa
    		negative lautumaton
    instructive lautuen —
    1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

    2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
    3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

    4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
    3rd inessive lautumassa —
    elative lautumasta —
    illative lautumaan —
    adessive lautumalla —
    abessive lautumatta —
    instructive lautuman lauduttaman
    4th3 verbal noun lautuminen
    5th1
    Possessive forms
    Person sing. plur.
    1st lautumaisillani lautumaisillamme
    2nd lautumaisillasi lautumaisillanne
    3rd lautumaisillaan
    lautumaisillansa
    Derived terms

    References

    • Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
    • “lautua”, in Suomen murteiden sanakirja [Dictionary of Finnish Dialects]‎[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, incomplete, continuously updated), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten keskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2022, →ISSN.

    Etymology 2

      Compare lauhtua.

      Verb

      lautua (dialectal, rare, intransitive)

      1. to weaken, to melt
      Conjugation
      Inflection of lautua (Kotus type 52*F/sanoa, t-d gradation)
      indicative mood
      present tense perfect
      person positive negative person positive negative
      1st sing. laudun en laudu 1st sing. olen lautunut en ole lautunut
      2nd sing. laudut et laudu 2nd sing. olet lautunut et ole lautunut
      3rd sing. lautuu ei laudu 3rd sing. on lautunut ei ole lautunut
      1st plur. laudumme emme laudu 1st plur. olemme lautuneet emme ole lautuneet
      2nd plur. laudutte ette laudu 2nd plur. olette lautuneet ette ole lautuneet
      3rd plur. lautuvat eivät laudu 3rd plur. ovat lautuneet eivät ole lautuneet
      passive laudutaan ei lauduta passive on lauduttu ei ole lauduttu
      past tense pluperfect
      person positive negative person positive negative
      1st sing. lauduin en lautunut 1st sing. olin lautunut en ollut lautunut
      2nd sing. lauduit et lautunut 2nd sing. olit lautunut et ollut lautunut
      3rd sing. lautui ei lautunut 3rd sing. oli lautunut ei ollut lautunut
      1st plur. lauduimme emme lautuneet 1st plur. olimme lautuneet emme olleet lautuneet
      2nd plur. lauduitte ette lautuneet 2nd plur. olitte lautuneet ette olleet lautuneet
      3rd plur. lautuivat eivät lautuneet 3rd plur. olivat lautuneet eivät olleet lautuneet
      passive lauduttiin ei lauduttu passive oli lauduttu ei ollut lauduttu
      conditional mood
      present perfect
      person positive negative person positive negative
      1st sing. lautuisin en lautuisi 1st sing. olisin lautunut en olisi lautunut
      2nd sing. lautuisit et lautuisi 2nd sing. olisit lautunut et olisi lautunut
      3rd sing. lautuisi ei lautuisi 3rd sing. olisi lautunut ei olisi lautunut
      1st plur. lautuisimme emme lautuisi 1st plur. olisimme lautuneet emme olisi lautuneet
      2nd plur. lautuisitte ette lautuisi 2nd plur. olisitte lautuneet ette olisi lautuneet
      3rd plur. lautuisivat eivät lautuisi 3rd plur. olisivat lautuneet eivät olisi lautuneet
      passive lauduttaisiin ei lauduttaisi passive olisi lauduttu ei olisi lauduttu
      imperative mood
      present perfect
      person positive negative person positive negative
      1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
      2nd sing. laudu älä laudu 2nd sing. — —
      3rd sing. lautukoon älköön lautuko 3rd sing. olkoon lautunut älköön olko lautunut
      1st plur. lautukaamme älkäämme lautuko 1st plur. — —
      2nd plur. lautukaa älkää lautuko 2nd plur. — —
      3rd plur. lautukoot älkööt lautuko 3rd plur. olkoot lautuneet älkööt olko lautuneet
      passive lauduttakoon älköön lauduttako passive olkoon lauduttu älköön olko lauduttu
      potential mood
      present perfect
      person positive negative person positive negative
      1st sing. lautunen en lautune 1st sing. lienen lautunut en liene lautunut
      2nd sing. lautunet et lautune 2nd sing. lienet lautunut et liene lautunut
      3rd sing. lautunee ei lautune 3rd sing. lienee lautunut ei liene lautunut
      1st plur. lautunemme emme lautune 1st plur. lienemme lautuneet emme liene lautuneet
      2nd plur. lautunette ette lautune 2nd plur. lienette lautuneet ette liene lautuneet
      3rd plur. lautunevat eivät lautune 3rd plur. lienevät lautuneet eivät liene lautuneet
      passive lauduttaneen ei lauduttane passive lienee lauduttu ei liene lauduttu
      Nominal forms
      infinitives participles
      active passive active passive
      1st lautua present lautuva lauduttava
      long 1st1
      Possessive forms
      Person sing. plur.
      1st lautuakseni lautuaksemme
      2nd lautuaksesi lautuaksenne
      3rd lautuakseen
      lautuaksensa
      		past lautunut lauduttu
      2nd inessive2 lautuessa lauduttaessa agent4 lautuma
      Possessive forms
      Person sing. plur.
      1st lautuessani lautuessamme
      2nd lautuessasi lautuessanne
      3rd lautuessaan
      lautuessansa
      		negative lautumaton
      instructive lautuen —
      1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

      2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
      3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

      4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
      3rd inessive lautumassa —
      elative lautumasta —
      illative lautumaan —
      adessive lautumalla —
      abessive lautumatta —
      instructive lautuman lauduttaman
      4th3 verbal noun lautuminen
      5th1
      Possessive forms
      Person sing. plur.
      1st lautumaisillani lautumaisillamme
      2nd lautumaisillasi lautumaisillanne
      3rd lautumaisillaan
      lautumaisillansa
      References
      • “lautua”, in Suomen murteiden sanakirja [Dictionary of Finnish Dialects]‎[3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, incomplete, continuously updated), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten keskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2022, →ISSN.
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