joncher
French
Etymology
Deverbal from jonc.
Pronunciation
Verb
joncher
- to scatter, sprinkle (e.g. flowers)
- to cover, litter, to be strewn over (be widespread, be sprawled across/around)
- 1857, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary […][1], Paris: Michel Lévy Frères:
- La table, avec toutes les assiettes, était renversée; de la sauce, de la viande, les couteaux, la salière et l'huilier jonchaient l'appartement; […] .
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
Conjugation of joncher (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | joncher | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | jonchant /ʒɔ̃.ʃɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | jonché /ʒɔ̃.ʃe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | jonche /ʒɔ̃ʃ/ |
jonches /ʒɔ̃ʃ/ |
jonche /ʒɔ̃ʃ/ |
jonchons /ʒɔ̃.ʃɔ̃/ |
jonchez /ʒɔ̃.ʃe/ |
jonchent /ʒɔ̃ʃ/ |
| imperfect | jonchais /ʒɔ̃.ʃɛ/ |
jonchais /ʒɔ̃.ʃɛ/ |
jonchait /ʒɔ̃.ʃɛ/ |
jonchions /ʒɔ̃.ʃjɔ̃/ |
jonchiez /ʒɔ̃.ʃje/ |
jonchaient /ʒɔ̃.ʃɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | jonchai /ʒɔ̃.ʃe/ |
jonchas /ʒɔ̃.ʃa/ |
joncha /ʒɔ̃.ʃa/ |
jonchâmes /ʒɔ̃.ʃam/ |
jonchâtes /ʒɔ̃.ʃat/ |
jonchèrent /ʒɔ̃.ʃɛʁ/ | |
| future | joncherai /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁe/ |
joncheras /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁa/ |
jonchera /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁa/ |
joncherons /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/ |
joncherez /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁe/ |
joncheront /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | joncherais /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ |
joncherais /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ |
joncherait /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ |
joncherions /ʒɔ̃.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
joncheriez /ʒɔ̃.ʃə.ʁje/ |
joncheraient /ʒɔ̃ʃ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | jonche /ʒɔ̃ʃ/ |
jonches /ʒɔ̃ʃ/ |
jonche /ʒɔ̃ʃ/ |
jonchions /ʒɔ̃.ʃjɔ̃/ |
jonchiez /ʒɔ̃.ʃje/ |
jonchent /ʒɔ̃ʃ/ |
| imperfect2 | jonchasse /ʒɔ̃.ʃas/ |
jonchasses /ʒɔ̃.ʃas/ |
jonchât /ʒɔ̃.ʃa/ |
jonchassions /ʒɔ̃.ʃa.sjɔ̃/ |
jonchassiez /ʒɔ̃.ʃa.sje/ |
jonchassent /ʒɔ̃.ʃas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | jonche /ʒɔ̃ʃ/ |
— | jonchons /ʒɔ̃.ʃɔ̃/ |
jonchez /ʒɔ̃.ʃe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “joncher”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012