Egyptian
Pronunciation
Vycichl assumes defective writing, with an unrepresented consonant j:
- (reconstructed) IPA(key): /jaʀˈlaljat/ → /jaʀˈlaljaʔ/ → /ʔaˈlaʔla/ → /ʔaˈlaʔlə/
Allen instead suggests the word is properly jrꜣrt, with the order of consonants changed for calligraphic reasons;[2] Peust gives an analogous solution, though he posits metathesis rather than calligraphic reasons.[3] In this case one can reconstruct:
- (reconstructed) IPA(key): /jaˈlaʀlat/ → /jaˈlaʀlaʔ/ → /ʔaˈlaʔla/ → /ʔaˈlaʔlə/
Noun
f
- (collective) grapes
c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE,
Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 47–48:
- gm.n.j dꜣbw jꜣrrt jm jꜣqt nbt špst
- I found figs and grapes there, and splendid vegetables of all kinds.
- grape
Descendants
- Demotic Egyptian: ꜣlly
- Akhmimic Coptic: ⲉⲗⲁⲁⲗⲉ (elaale), ⲉⲗⲁⲗⲉ (elale)
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲗⲟⲗⲓ (aloli)
- Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲗⲁⲁⲗⲓ (alaali), ⲁⲗⲁⲗⲓ (alali), ⲉⲗⲁⲁⲗⲓ (elaali), ⲓⲗⲁⲗⲓ (ilali)
- Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲉⲗⲁⲗⲉ (elale)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ (eloole)
- → Ancient Greek: -ελολις (-elolis), -ελλωλις (-ellōlis)[4]
Noun
f
- vine, grapevine
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jꜣrrt
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| jꜣrjrt
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jrrt
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[18th Dynasty]
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Descendants
See above.
References
- “jꜣrr.wt (lemma ID 20830)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[2], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
- Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926), Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[3], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 32.12–32.14
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962), A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 9
- ^ Vycichl, Werner (1983), Dictionnaire Étymologique de la Langue Copte, Leuven: Peeters, →ISBN, page 41
- ^ Allen, James P. (2019) Egyptian Phonology, page 81
- ^ Peust, Carsten (1999), Egyptian Phonology: An Introduction to the Phonology of a Dead Language[1], Göttingen: Peust und Gutschmidt Verlag GbR, page 235
- ^ Blasco Torres, Ana Isabel (2017), Representing Foreign Sounds: Greek Transcriptions of Egyptian Anthroponyms from 800 BC to 800 AD, Leuven, Salamanca, page 665