iasc

See also: íasc

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish íasc,^[1] from Proto-Celtic *ɸeiskos, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-; compare fish, Latin piscis. The Brythonic words (Welsh pysgodyn, Breton pesk) are loanwords from Latin.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /iəsˠk/^[2]^[3]

Noun

iasc m (genitive singular éisc, nominative plural éisc)

fish

Declension

Declension of iasc (first declension)

bare forms
	singular	plural
nominative	iasc	éisc
vocative	a éisc	a iasca
genitive	éisc	iasc
dative	iasc	éisc

forms with the definite article
	singular	plural
nominative	an t-iasc	na héisc
genitive	an éisc	na n-iasc
dative	leis an iasc don iasc	leis na héisc

Derived terms

bé-iasc (“damselfish”)
ciseán éisc m (“fish-basket”)
dabhach éisc f (“fish-pond”)
iasc scamhógach m (“lungfish”)
iascaire m (“fisherman, angler”)
iascán (“mussel”)
isac órga (“goldfish”)
na hÉisc (“Pisces”)

Verb

iasc (present analytic iascann, future analytic iascfaidh, verbal noun iascach, past participle iasctha)

(ambitransitive) fish

Conjugation

Conjugation of *iasc* (first conjugation – A)
indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
indicative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	iascaim	iascann tú; iascair^†	iascann sé, sí	iascaimid; iascann muid	iascann sibh	iascann siad; iascaid^†	a iascann; a iascas	iasctar
past	d'iasc mé; d'iascas / iasc mé^‡; iascas^‡	d'iasc tú; d'iascais / iasc tú^‡; iascais^‡	d'iasc sé, sí / iasc sé, sí^‡	d'iascamar; d'iasc muid / iascamar^‡; iasc muid^‡	d'iasc sibh; d'iascabhair / iasc sibh^‡; iascabhair^‡	d'iasc siad; d'iascadar / iasc siad^‡; iascadar^‡	a d'iasc	iascadh; hiascadh^†
past habitual	d'iascainn / iascainn^‡	d'iasctá / iasctá^‡	d'iascadh sé, sí / iascadh sé, sí^‡	d'iascaimis; d'iascadh muid / iascaimis^‡; iascadh muid^‡	d'iascadh sibh / iascadh sibh^‡	d'iascaidís; d'iascadh siad / iascaidís^‡; iascadh siad^‡	a d'iascadh	d'iasctaí / iasctaí^‡

	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
future	iascfaidh mé; iascfad	iascfaidh tú; iascfair^†	iascfaidh sé, sí	iascfaimid; iascfaidh muid	iascfaidh sibh	iascfaidh siad; iascfaid^†	a iascfaidh; a iascfas	iascfar
conditional	d'iascfainn / iascfainn^‡	d'iascfá / iascfá^‡	d'iascfadh sé, sí / iascfadh sé, sí^‡	d'iascfaimis; d'iascfadh muid / iascfaimis^‡; iascfadh muid^‡	d'iascfadh sibh / iascfadh sibh^‡	d'iascfaidís; d'iascfadh siad / iascfaidís^‡; iascfadh siad^‡	a d'iascfadh	d'iascfaí / iascfaí^‡

subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
subjunctive	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	go n-iasca mé; go n-iascad^†	go n-iasca tú; go n-iascair^†	go n-iasca sé, sí	go n-iascaimid; go n-iasca muid	go n-iasca sibh	go n-iasca siad; go n-iascaid^†	—	go n-iasctar
past	dá n-iascainn	dá n-iasctá	dá n-iascadh sé, sí	dá n-iascaimis; dá n-iascadh muid	dá n-iascadh sibh	dá n-iascaidís; dá n-iascadh siad	—	dá n-iasctaí

imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
imperative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
—	iascaim	iasc	iascadh sé, sí	iascaimis	iascaigí; iascaidh^†	iascaidís	—	iasctar

past participle	iasctha

verbal noun	iascach

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Mutation

Mutated forms of *iasc*
radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
iasc	n-iasc	hiasc	t-iasc

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “íasc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931), Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 46, page 24
^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 158, page 61