gruncian
Old English
The spelling of this entry has been normalized according to the principles established by Wiktionary's editor community or recent spelling standards of the language.
Alternative forms
- gruncan
Etymology
Uncertain. Perhaps from a metathesised base related to Old English ġeornian, ġiernan (“to desire”) + -cian. Alternatively, perhaps related to Old English grunian (“to cry out, make a loud noise, grunt”). Compare also Old Swedish grunka (“to mumble, grumble”), Middle English groneken (“to groan, grunt”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɡrun.ki.ɑn/, [ˈɡruŋ.ki.ɑn]
Verb
gruncian
Conjugation
Conjugation of gruncian (weak, class 2)
| infinitive | gruncian | gruncienne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
| first person singular | grunciġe | gruncode |
| second person singular | gruncast | gruncodest |
| third person singular | gruncaþ | gruncode |
| plural | grunciaþ | gruncodon |
| subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
| singular | grunciġe | gruncode |
| plural | grunciġen | gruncoden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | grunca | |
| plural | grunciaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| grunciende | (ġe)gruncod | |