Salar
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Common Turkic *kač-. Cognate with Turkish kaçmak.
Pronunciation
- (Xunhua, Qinghai, Ili, Xinjiang) IPA(key): /qɑʃ(ʁusɨ)/
Verb
qaşqusı
- to escape, run away
- u burı dağga vaxı qaşbarci. ― The wolf looked at the mountain and fled up to (hill).[1]
Conjugation
Conjugation of qaşqusı
basic conjugation
| basic conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
qaçar
|
qaçar-a
|
qaşmas
|
qaşmas-a
|
| continuous
|
qaşbır
|
qaşba
|
qaş yoxdır,
qaşmır
|
qaş yox-a
|
| past
|
qaşcı
|
qaşmış
|
qaşmacı
|
qaşmamış
|
| future
|
qaşqur
|
qaşqa
|
qaşmağur
|
qaşmağa
|
| past perfect
|
qaşqan var
|
qaşqan var-a
|
qaşqan yoxdır
|
qaşqan yox-a
|
| necessitative
|
qaşqı
|
qaşmağı
|
| conditional
|
qaşsa
|
qaşmasa
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
qaçal
|
qaşmağal
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
qaş
|
qaşma
|
| 2nd person
|
qaşdoğo
|
qaşquma
|
| 3rd person
|
qaşqoğı
|
qaşmağı
|
| infinitive
|
qaşqusı
|
qaşmağusı
|
| manner noun
|
qaçış
|
qaşmaş
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
qaşqan
|
qaşmağan
|
| perfective
|
qaşmış
|
qaşmamış
|
| prospective
|
qaşqusı
|
qaşmağusı
|
| agent noun
|
qaşqucı
|
qaşmağucı
|
|
|
converbs
|
| purposive converb
|
qaşma
|
| posterior converb
|
qaşqu, qaşcanı
|
| anterior converb
|
qaşqunçük
|
| iterative converb
|
qaça-qaça
|
| immediate posterior converb
|
qaşquşlı
|
| causal converb
|
qaşcanı
|
| prospective converb
|
qaşqudana
|
question conjugation
| question conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
|
|
experimental1
|
inferential2
|
experimental
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
qaçar-(m)i
|
qaçar-(m)o
|
qaşmas-(m)i
|
qaşmas-(m)o
|
| continuous
|
qaşbır-(m)i
|
qaşba-(m)o
|
qaş yoxdır-(m)i
|
qaş yox-aro
|
| past
|
qaş-du,
qaşcı-mu
|
qaşmış-(m)o
|
qaşma-du,
qaşmacı-mu
|
qaşmamış-(m)o
|
| future
|
qaşqur-(m)i
|
qaşqa-(m)o
|
qaşmağur-(m)i
|
qaşmağa-(m)o
|
| past perfect
|
qaşqan var-(m)i
|
qaşqan var-(m)o
|
qaşqan yoxdır-(m)i
|
qaşqan yox-aro
|
| necessitative
|
qaşqı-mu
|
qaşmağı-mu
|
| conditional
|
qaşsa-mu
|
qaşmasa-mu
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
qaçal-mu
|
qaşmağal-mu
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
qaş-mu
|
qaşma-mu
|
| 2nd person
|
qaşdoğo-mu
|
qaşquma-mu
|
| 3rd person
|
qaşqoğı-mu
|
qaşmağı-mu
|
| infinitive
|
qaşqusı-mu
|
qaşmağusı-mu
|
| manner noun
|
qaçış-mu
|
qaşmaş-mu
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
qaşqan-mu
|
qaşmağan-mu
|
| perfective
|
qaşmış-mu
|
qaşmamış-mu
|
| prospective
|
qaşqusı-mu
|
qaşmağusı-mu
|
| agent noun
|
qaşqucı-mu
|
qaşmağucı-mu
|
potential conjugation
| potential conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
qaçalar
|
qaçalar-a
|
qaçalmas
|
qaçalmas-a
|
| continuous
|
qaçalbır
|
qaçalba
|
qaçal yoxdır,
qaçalmır
|
qaçal yox-a
|
| past
|
qaçalcı
|
qaçalmış
|
qaçalmacı
|
qaçalmamış
|
| future
|
qaçalğur
|
qaçalğa
|
qaçalmağur
|
qaçalmağa
|
| past perfect
|
qaçalğan var
|
qaçalğan var-a
|
qaçalğan yoxdır
|
qaçalğan yox-a
|
inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
| inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
{{{71}}}
|
{{{72}}}
|
{{{101}}}
|
{{{102}}}
|
| continuous
|
{{{73}}}
|
{{{74}}}
|
{{{103}}},
{{{1031}}}
|
{{{104}}}
|
| past
|
{{{75}}}
|
{{{76}}}
|
{{{105}}}
|
{{{106}}}
|
| future
|
{{{77}}}
|
{{{78}}}
|
{{{107}}}
|
{{{108}}}
|
| past perfect
|
{{{79}}}
|
{{{80}}}
|
{{{109}}}
|
{{{110}}}
|
|
1 The speaker knows the answer to the question, or believes that herself/himself does.
2 The speaker genuinely does not know the answer to the question.
References
- ^ 马伟 [Ma Wei]; 朝克 [Chao Ke] (2014), “qaşqusı”, in 撒拉语366条会话读本 [Salar 366 Conversation Reader][1], 1st edition, 社会科学文献出版社 [Social Science Literature Press], →ISBN, page 141
- Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “qaşqusı”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 462
- Ma, Chengjun; Han, Lianye; Ma, Weisheng (December 2010), “qaşqusı”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 222
- 马伟 (Ma Wei); 朝克 (Chao Ke) (2016), “qaşqusı”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages - Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 国家社会科学基金项目 (National Social Science Foundation Project), pages 285, 288
- Yakup, Abdurishid (2002), “qaşqusı”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon[2], Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 105