feic

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish ·aicci (“sees”), prototonic form of ad·cí, from Proto-Celtic *adkʷiseti, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeys- (“see, heed”) (compare Sanskrit चायति (cāyati, “perceives”)) or Proto-Indo-European *kʷes- (compare Sanskrit चक्षति (cakṣati, “sees”)). The initial f- of the Modern Irish form comes from the misinterpretation of aic- as lenited fhaic- (later modified to fheic). Compare Scottish Gaelic faic.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /fʲec/

Noun

feic m (genitive singular feic, nominative plural feiceanna)

  1. (disparagingly) sight, spectacle

Declension

Declension of feic (fourth declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative feic feiceanna
vocative a fheic a fheiceanna
genitive feic feiceanna
dative feic feiceanna
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an feic na feiceanna
genitive an fheic na bhfeiceanna
dative leis an bhfeic
don fheic 		leis na feiceanna

Verb

feic (present analytic feiceann, future analytic feicfidh, verbal noun feiceáil, past participle feicthe)

  1. (ambitransitive) see
    • 2020 March 1, 1:57 from the start, in Lá Le Mamó nó Daideo‎[1], season 1, episode 16, TG4, retrieved 31 October 2023:
      (John Folan): An bhfaca tú an sleán cheana ariamh, an bhfacais? / (Jeaic Ó Cualáin): Chonaic. / (JF): An bhfacais?
      (JF): Have you ever seen a slane before, have you? / (JC): Yes, I have. / (JF): Have you?

Conjugation

Conjugation of feic (irregular)
indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present feicim feiceann tú; feicir† feiceann sé, sí feicimid;
feiceann muid 		feiceann sibh feiceann siad;
feicid† 		a fheiceann; a fheiceas feictear
past independent chonaic mé;
chonaiceas;
chonac 		chonaic tú;
chonaicis 		chonaic sé, sí chonaiceamar;
chonaic muid 		chonaic sibh;
chonaiceabhair 		chonaic siad;
chonaiceadar 		a chonaic chonacthas
past dependent faca mé;
facas 		faca tú;
facais 		faca sé, sí facamar;
faca muid 		faca sibh;
facabhair 		faca siad;
facadar 		facthas
past habitual d'fheicinn /
fheicinn‡ 		d'fheicteá /
fheicteᇠ		d'fheiceadh sé, sí /
fheiceadh sé, sí‡ 		d'fheicimis; d'fheiceadh muid /
fheicimis‡; fheiceadh muid‡ 		d'fheiceadh sibh /
fheiceadh sibh‡ 		d'fheicidís; d'fheiceadh siad /
fheicidís‡; fheiceadh siad‡ 		a d'fheiceadh d'fheictí /
fheictí‡
singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future feicfidh mé;
feicfead 		feicfidh tú;
feicfir† 		feicfidh sé, sí feicfimid;
feicfidh muid 		feicfidh sibh feicfidh siad;
feicfid† 		a fheicfidh; a fheicfeas feicfear
conditional d'fheicfinn /
fheicfinn‡ 		d'fheicfeá /
fheicfeᇠ		d'fheicfeadh sé, sí /
fheicfeadh sé, sí‡ 		d'fheicfimis; d'fheicfeadh muid /
fheicfimis‡; fheicfeadh muid‡ 		d'fheicfeadh sibh /
fheicfeadh sibh‡ 		d'fheicfidís; d'fheicfeadh siad /
fheicfidís‡; fheicfeadh siad‡ 		a d'fheicfeadh d'fheicfí /
fheicfí‡
subjunctive singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present go bhfeice mé;
go bhfeicead† 		go bhfeice tú;
go bhfeicir† 		go bhfeice sé, sí go bhfeicimid;
go bhfeice muid 		go bhfeice sibh go bhfeice siad;
go bhfeicid† 		— go bhfeictear
past dá bhfeicinn dá bhfeicteá dá bhfeiceadh sé, sí dá bhfeicimis;
dá bhfeiceadh muid 		dá bhfeiceadh sibh dá bhfeicidís;
dá bhfeiceadh siad 		— dá bhfeictí
imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
— feicim feic feiceadh sé, sí feicimis feicigí;
feicidh† 		feicidís — feictear
past participle feicthe
verbal noun feiceáil
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form

in older literary language and Munster, the present indicative, past habitual, future, and conditional have independent forms built on the stem chí- (in West Kerry delenited to cí-); the feic- forms listed above are dependent and are only used in the present and habitual; in Munster, the past independent forms are pronounced with initial /xn-/ but spelled in a variety of ways; the verbal noun is also different in Munster:
indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present
independent 		chím;
címK 		chí tú;
chíonn tú;
chír;
cíonn túK 		chí sé, sí;
chíonn sé, sí;
cíonn sé, síK 		chímid;
címídK 		chí sibh;
chíonn sibh;
cíonn sibhK 		chí siad;
chíonn siad;
chíd;
cíonn siadK;
cídK 		a chí;
a chíonn;
a chíos 		chítear;
cítearK
past chon(n)ac;
chnuc/
feaca‡ 		chonaicís;
chnuicís/
feacaís‡ 		chon(n)aic sé, sí;
chnuic sé, sí/
feaca(igh)sé, sí‡ 		chonaiceamair;
chonacamair;
chnuiceamair/
feacamar‡ 		chonaiceabhair;
chonacabhair;
chnuiceabhair/
feacabhair‡ 		chonaiceadar;
chonacadar;
chnuiceadar/
feacadar‡ 		a chon(n)aic chonacathas;
connc(ath)as;
chnucathas;
c(h)nuiceadh/
feac(th)as‡;
feacadh‡;
feacathars‡
past habitual
independent 		chínn chítheá chíodh sé, sí chímis chíodh sibh chídís;
chíodh siad 		a chíodh chítí
singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future chífidh mé;
chífead;
cífidh mé‡K;
cífead‡K 		chífidh tú;
chífir;
cífidh tú‡K;
cífir‡K 		chífidh sé, sí;
cífidh sé, sí‡K 		chífimid;
cífimid‡K 		chífidh sibh;
cífidh sibh‡K 		chífidh siad;
chífid;
cífidh siad‡K;
cífid‡K 		a chífidh;
a chífeas 		chífear;
cífear‡K
conditional chífinn/
cífinn‡ 		chífeá /
cífeᇠ		chífeadh sé, sí/
cífeadh sé, sí‡ 		chífimis/
cífimis‡ 		chífeadh sibh/
cífeadh sibh‡ 		chífidís;
chífeadh siad/
cífidís‡
cífeadh sibh‡ 		a chífeadh chífí/
cífí‡
verbal noun feiscint
K also independent in West Kerry

in Ulster, the present indicative, past habitual, future, and conditional have independent forms built on the stem tí- (also spelled tchí-); the feic- forms listed above are dependent and are only used in the present and habitual. The simple past indicative independent form is thainic or thanaic (the dependent form being faca, as in the standard language):
indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present tím;
tí(onn) mé;
tchím;
tchí(onn) mé 		tí(onn) tú;
tchí(onn) tú 		tí(onn) sé, sí;
tchí(onn) sé, sí 		tímid;
tí(onn) muid;
tchímid;
tchí(onn) muid 		tí(onn) sibh;
tchí(onn) sibh 		tí(onn) siad;
tchí(onn) siad 		a tí(onn);
a tíos;
a tchí(onn);
a tchíos 		títhear;
tchíthear
past thainic/thanaic mé thainic/thanaic tú thainic/thanaic sé, sí thainic/thanaic muid thainic/thanaic sibh thainic/thanaic siad a thainic/thanaic thanacthas
past habitual tínn;
tchínn 		títheá;
tchítheá 		tíodh sé, sí;
tchíodh mé 		tímis;
tíodh muid;
tchímis;
tchíodh muid 		tíodh sibh;
tchíodh sibh 		tíodh siad;
tchíodh siad 		a tíodh;
a tchíodh 		títí;
tchítí
singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future tífidh mé;
tchífidh mé 		tífidh tú;
tchífidh tú 		tífidh sé, sí;
tchífidh sé, sí 		tífimid;
tífidh muid;
tchífimid;
tchífidh muid 		tífidh sibh;
tchífidh sibh 		tífidh siad;
tchífidh siad 		a tífidh;
a tífeas;
a tchífidh;
a tchífeas 		tífear;
tchífear
conditional tífinn;
tchífinn 		tífeá;
tchífeá 		tífeadh sé, sí;
tchífeadh sé, sí 		tífimis;
tífeadh muid;
tchífimis;
tchífeadh 		tífeadh sibh;
tchífeadh sibh
tífeadh siad;
tchífeadh siad 		a tífeadh;
a tchífeadh 		tífí;
tchífí

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of feic
radical lenition eclipsis
feic fheic bhfeic

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “feic”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “feic”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
  • “feic”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026
  • An briathar cíonn (pp. 278-281) in Ó Sé, Diarmuid. (2000). Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne. Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann. ISBN: 0-946452-97-0.
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