estudier

Middle French

Etymology

    From Old French estudier.

    Verb

    estudier

    1. to study

    Conjugation

    • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
    Conjugation of estudier
    infinitive simple estudier
    compound avoir + past participle
    present participle1 or gerund2 simple estudiant
    compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
    past participle estudié
    singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present estudie estudies estudie estudions estudiez estudient
    imperfect estudiois, estudioys estudiois, estudioys estudioit, estudioyt estudiions, estudiyons estudiiez, estudiyez estudioient, estudioyent
    past historic estudia estudias estudia estudiasmes estudiastes estudierent
    future estudierai, estudieray estudieras estudiera estudierons estudierez estudieront
    conditional estudierois, estudieroys estudierois, estudieroys estudieroit, estudieroyt estudierions, estudieryons estudieriez, estudieryez estudieroient, estudieroyent
    (compound
    tenses)         		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
    past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
    future perfect future of avoir + past participle
    conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
    subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present estudie estudies estudie estudions estudiez estudient
    imperfect estudiasse estudiasses estudiast estudiassions estudiassiez estudiassent
    (compound
    tenses)         		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    imperative – tu – nous vous –
    simple — estudie — estudions estudiez —
    compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
    1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
    2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

    Descendants

    • French: étudier
    • → Irish: staidéar

    Old French

    Etymology

      From estudie (“study”, noun) +‎ -er (verb-forming suffix). First attested in 1155.

      Verb

      estudier

      1. to study

      Conjugation

      This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

          Conjugation of estudier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
      simple compound
      infinitive estudier avoir estudïé
      gerund en estudiant gerund of avoir + past participle
      present participle estudiant
      past participle estudïé
      person singular plural
      first second third first second third
      indicative jo tu il nos vos il
      simple
      tenses       		present estudi estudïes estudïe estudions estudïez estudïent
      imperfect estudioie, estudïeie, estudioe, estudïeve estudioies, estudïeies, estudioes, estudïeves estudioit, estudïeit, estudiot, estudïeve estudiiiens, estudiiens estudiiiez, estudiiez estudioient, estudïeient, estudioent, estudïevent
      preterite estudiai estudias estudia estudiames estudiastes estudïerent
      future estudïerai estudïeras estudïera estudïerons estudïeroiz, estudïereiz, estudïerez estudïeront
      conditional estudïeroie, estudïereie estudïeroies, estudïereies estudïeroit, estudïereit estudïeriiens, estudïeriens estudïeriiez, estudïeriez estudïeroient, estudïereient
      compound
      tenses       		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
      pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
      past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
      future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
      conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
      subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
      simple
      tenses       		present estudi estudis estudit estudions estudïez estudïent
      imperfect estudiasse estudiasses estudiast estudiissons, estudiissiens estudiissoiz, estudiissez, estudiissiez estudiassent
      compound
      tenses       		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
      pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
      imperative – tu – nos vos –
      — estudïe — estudions estudïez —

      Descendants

      References

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