esperer

See also: espérer

Middle French

Etymology

    From Old French esperer.

    Verb

    esperer

    1. to hope

    Conjugation

    • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
    Conjugation of esperer
    infinitive simple esperer
    compound avoir + past participle
    present participle1 or gerund2 simple esperant
    compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
    past participle esperé
    singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present espere esperes espere esperons esperez esperent
    imperfect esperois, esperoys esperois, esperoys esperoit, esperoyt esperions, esperyons esperiez, esperyez esperoient, esperoyent
    past historic espera esperas espera esperasmes esperastes espererent
    future espererai, espereray espereras esperera espererons espererez espereront
    conditional espererois, espereroys espererois, espereroys espereroit, espereroyt espererions, espereryons espereriez, espereryez espereroient, espereroyent
    (compound
    tenses)         		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
    past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
    future perfect future of avoir + past participle
    conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
    subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present espere esperes espere esperons esperez esperent
    imperfect esperasse esperasses esperast esperassions esperassiez esperassent
    (compound
    tenses)         		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    imperative – tu – nous vous –
    simple — espere — esperons esperez —
    compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
    1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
    2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

    Descendants

    • French: espérer

    Old French

    Etymology

      From Latin spērāre.

      Verb

      esperer

      1. to hope

      Conjugation

      This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb has a stressed present stem espoir distinct from the unstressed stem esper. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

          Conjugation of esperer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
      simple compound
      infinitive esperer avoir esperé
      gerund en esperant gerund of avoir + past participle
      present participle esperant
      past participle esperé
      person singular plural
      first second third first second third
      indicative jo tu il nos vos il
      simple
      tenses       		present espoir espoires espoire esperons esperez espoirent
      imperfect esperoie, espereie, esperoe, espereve esperoies, espereies, esperoes, espereves esperoit, espereit, esperot, espereve esperiiens, esperiens esperiiez, esperiez esperoient, espereient, esperoent, esperevent
      preterite esperai esperas espera esperames esperastes espererent
      future espererai espereras esperera espererons espereroiz, esperereiz, espererez espereront
      conditional espereroie, esperereie espereroies, esperereies espereroit, esperereit espereriiens, espereriens espereriiez, espereriez espereroient, esperereient
      compound
      tenses       		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
      pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
      past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
      future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
      conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
      subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
      simple
      tenses       		present espoir espoirs espoirt esperons esperez espoirent
      imperfect esperasse esperasses esperast esperissons, esperissiens esperissoiz, esperissez, esperissiez esperassent
      compound
      tenses       		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
      pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
      imperative – tu – nos vos –
      — espoire — esperons esperez —

      Descendants

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