ensevelir
French
Etymology
From en- + Old French sevelir, from Latin sepelīre, presumably via Vulgar Latin sepellīre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).liʁ/
Audio (France (Toulouse)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
ensevelir
- (transitive) to bury, to entomb
- 1857, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary […][1], Paris: Michel Lévy Frères:
- Elle se fit faire un tableau funèbre avec les cheveux de la défunte, et, dans une lettre qu'elle envoyait aux Bertaux, toute pleine de réflexions tristes sur la vie, elle demandait qu'on l'ensevelît plus tard dans le même tombeau.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (transitive) to cover with earth
- (transitive, figuratively) to bury (hide something)
- (pronominal) to bury oneself, hide away
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of ensevelir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | ensevelir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | ensevelissant /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | enseveli /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | ensevelis /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li/ |
ensevelis /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li/ |
ensevelit /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li/ |
ensevelissons /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sɔ̃/ |
ensevelissez /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.se/ |
ensevelissent /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lis/ |
| imperfect | ensevelissais /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sɛ/ |
ensevelissais /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sɛ/ |
ensevelissait /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sɛ/ |
ensevelissions /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sjɔ̃/ |
ensevelissiez /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sje/ |
ensevelissaient /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | ensevelis /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li/ |
ensevelis /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li/ |
ensevelit /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li/ |
ensevelîmes /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lim/ |
ensevelîtes /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lit/ |
ensevelirent /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).liʁ/ | |
| future | ensevelirai /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁe/ |
enseveliras /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁa/ |
ensevelira /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁa/ |
ensevelirons /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁɔ̃/ |
ensevelirez /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁe/ |
enseveliront /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | ensevelirais /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁɛ/ |
ensevelirais /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁɛ/ |
ensevelirait /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁɛ/ |
ensevelirions /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁjɔ̃/ |
enseveliriez /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁje/ |
enseveliraient /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | ensevelisse /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lis/ |
ensevelisses /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lis/ |
ensevelisse /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lis/ |
ensevelissions /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sjɔ̃/ |
ensevelissiez /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sje/ |
ensevelissent /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lis/ |
| imperfect2 | ensevelisse /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lis/ |
ensevelisses /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lis/ |
ensevelît /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li/ |
ensevelissions /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sjɔ̃/ |
ensevelissiez /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sje/ |
ensevelissent /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).lis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | ensevelis /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li/ |
— | ensevelissons /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.sɔ̃/ |
ensevelissez /ɑ̃.sə.v(ə).li.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Related terms
See also
Further reading
- “ensevelir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
Old French
Etymology
Verb
ensevelir
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of ensevelir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ensevelir | avoir enseveli | |||||
| gerund | en ensevelissant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | ensevelissant | ||||||
| past participle | enseveli | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | ensevelis | ensevelis | ensevelist | ensevelissons | ensevelissez | ensevelissent |
| imperfect | ensevelissoie, ensevelisseie | ensevelissoies, ensevelisseies | ensevelissoit, ensevelisseit | ensevelissiiens, ensevelissiens | ensevelissiiez, ensevelissiez | ensevelissoient, ensevelisseient | |
| preterite | enseveli | ensevelis | enseveli | ensevelimes | ensevelistes | ensevelirent | |
| future | ensevelirai | enseveliras | ensevelira | ensevelirons | enseveliroiz, ensevelireiz, ensevelirez | enseveliront | |
| conditional | enseveliroie, ensevelireie | enseveliroies, ensevelireies | enseveliroit, ensevelireit | enseveliriiens, enseveliriens | enseveliriiez, enseveliriez | enseveliroient, ensevelireient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | ensevelisse | ensevelisses | ensevelisse | ensevelissons | ensevelissez | ensevelissent |
| imperfect | ensevelisse | ensevelisses | ensevelist | ensevelissons, ensevelissiens | ensevelissoiz, ensevelissez, ensevelissiez | ensevelissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | ensevelis | — | ensevelissons | ensevelissez | — | ||