druggen

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Uncertain; perhaps from Old English *dryċġan,[1] from Proto-West Germanic *druggjan, from Proto-Germanic *drugjaną, a denominative built to a lost noun *drugjaz (preserved in Old English Dryċġhelm), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-; compare Proto-Germanic *dreuganą (“to serve”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdrud͡ʒən/

Verb

druggen (third-person singular simple present druggeth, present participle druggende, druggynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle drugged)

  1. (rare) To drudge; to perform menial labour.[2]

Conjugation

Conjugation of druggen (weak in -ed)
infinitive (to) druggen, drugge
present tense past tense
1st-person singular drugge drugged
2nd-person singular druggest druggedest
3rd-person singular druggeth drugged
subjunctive singular drugge
imperative singular —
plural1 druggen, drugge druggeden, druggede
imperative plural druggeth, drugge —
participles druggynge, druggende drugged, ydrugged

1 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

  • English: drudge
  • >? Middle Scots: drug

References

  1. ^ Barnhart, Robert and Steinmetz, Sol, editors (1988), “drudge”, in The Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology‎[1], Bronxville, N.Y.: The H. W. Wilson Co., →ISBN, →OCLC, page 303, column 2.
  2. ^ “druǧǧen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
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