croupir
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kʁu.piʁ/
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Verb
croupir
- (of water) to stagnate
- to wallow (remain miserable)
- croupir dans la misère ― to wallow in misery
- to rot (e.g. in prison)
- 1857, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary […][1], Paris: Michel Lévy Frères:
- J'aurais certes mieux fait de te laisser autrefois croupir dans ta misère et dans la crasse où tu es né! Tu ne seras jamais bon qu'à être un gardeur de bêtes à cornes!
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of croupir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | croupir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | croupissant /kʁu.pi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | croupi /kʁu.pi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | croupis /kʁu.pi/ |
croupis /kʁu.pi/ |
croupit /kʁu.pi/ |
croupissons /kʁu.pi.sɔ̃/ |
croupissez /kʁu.pi.se/ |
croupissent /kʁu.pis/ |
| imperfect | croupissais /kʁu.pi.sɛ/ |
croupissais /kʁu.pi.sɛ/ |
croupissait /kʁu.pi.sɛ/ |
croupissions /kʁu.pi.sjɔ̃/ |
croupissiez /kʁu.pi.sje/ |
croupissaient /kʁu.pi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | croupis /kʁu.pi/ |
croupis /kʁu.pi/ |
croupit /kʁu.pi/ |
croupîmes /kʁu.pim/ |
croupîtes /kʁu.pit/ |
croupirent /kʁu.piʁ/ | |
| future | croupirai /kʁu.pi.ʁe/ |
croupiras /kʁu.pi.ʁa/ |
croupira /kʁu.pi.ʁa/ |
croupirons /kʁu.pi.ʁɔ̃/ |
croupirez /kʁu.pi.ʁe/ |
croupiront /kʁu.pi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | croupirais /kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ |
croupirais /kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ |
croupirait /kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ |
croupirions /kʁu.pi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
croupiriez /kʁu.pi.ʁje/ |
croupiraient /kʁu.pi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | croupisse /kʁu.pis/ |
croupisses /kʁu.pis/ |
croupisse /kʁu.pis/ |
croupissions /kʁu.pi.sjɔ̃/ |
croupissiez /kʁu.pi.sje/ |
croupissent /kʁu.pis/ |
| imperfect2 | croupisse /kʁu.pis/ |
croupisses /kʁu.pis/ |
croupît /kʁu.pi/ |
croupissions /kʁu.pi.sjɔ̃/ |
croupissiez /kʁu.pi.sje/ |
croupissent /kʁu.pis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | croupis /kʁu.pi/ |
— | croupissons /kʁu.pi.sɔ̃/ |
croupissez /kʁu.pi.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
See also
References
- ^ “croupir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012