creid

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish creitid,[1] from Proto-Celtic *kreddīti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /cɾʲedʲ/

Verb

creid (present analytic creideann, future analytic creidfidh, verbal noun creidiúint, past participle creidte)

  1. to believe [with i ‘in’]
    creidim i nDia ― I believe in God
    • 1894 March, Peadar Mac Fionnlaoigh, “An rí nach robh le fagháil bháis”, in Irisleabhar na Gaedhilge, volume 1:5, Dublin: Gaelic Union, pages 185–88:
      D’innis an gasúr dó fá’n gharrdha plúr do chonnaic sé, “agus,” ar seision, “ar eagla nach gcreidfidhe mé, bhain mé ceann de na plúir, ⁊ thug liom é ⁊ sin chugat é.”
      The youth told him about the garden of flowers, which he saw, "and," says he, "lest I might not be believed, I plucked one and brought it with me, and here it is."

Conjugation

Conjugation of creid (first conjugation – A)
indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present creidim creideann tú;
creidir† 		creideann sé, sí creidimid; creideann muid creideann sibh creideann siad;
creidid† 		a chreideann; a chreideas creidtear
past chreid mé; chreideas chreid tú; chreidis chreid sé, sí chreideamar; chreid muid chreid sibh; chreideabhair chreid siad; chreideadar a chreid creideadh
past habitual chreidinn /
creidinn‡ 		chreidteá /
creidteᇠ		chreideadh sé, sí /
creideadh sé, sí‡ 		chreidimis; chreideadh muid /
creidimis‡; creideadh muid‡ 		chreideadh sibh /
creideadh sibh‡ 		chreididís; chreideadh siad /
creididís‡; creideadh siad‡ 		a chreideadh chreidtí /
creidtí‡
singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future creidfidh mé;
creidfead 		creidfidh tú;
creidfir† 		creidfidh sé, sí creidfimid;
creidfidh muid 		creidfidh sibh creidfidh siad;
creidfid† 		a chreidfidh; a chreidfeas creidfear
conditional chreidfinn /
creidfinn‡ 		chreidfeá /
creidfeᇠ		chreidfeadh sé, sí /
creidfeadh sé, sí‡ 		chreidfimis; chreidfeadh muid /
creidfimis‡; creidfeadh muid‡ 		chreidfeadh sibh /
creidfeadh sibh‡ 		chreidfidís; chreidfeadh siad /
creidfidís‡; creidfeadh siad‡ 		a chreidfeadh chreidfí /
creidfí‡
subjunctive singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present go gcreide mé;
go gcreidead† 		go gcreide tú;
go gcreidir† 		go gcreide sé, sí go gcreidimid;
go gcreide muid 		go gcreide sibh go gcreide siad;
go gcreidid† 		— go gcreidtear
past dá gcreidinn dá gcreidteá dá gcreideadh sé, sí dá gcreidimis;
dá gcreideadh muid 		dá gcreideadh sibh dá gcreididís;
dá gcreideadh siad 		— dá gcreidtí
imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
— creidim creid creideadh sé, sí creidimis creidigí;
creididh† 		creididís — creidtear
past participle creidte
verbal noun creidiúint

† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form

Alternative verbal noun: creidmheáil (Ulster)

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of creid
radical lenition eclipsis
creid chreid gcreid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “creitid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927), “creidim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 263; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “creid”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Manx

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish creitid,[1] from Proto-Celtic *kreddīti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁-.

Pronunciation

Verb

creid (verbal noun credjal, past participle credjit)

  1. believe

Mutation

Mutation of creid
radical lenition eclipsis
creid chreid greid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Manx.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “creitid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Christopher Lewin (2020), Aspects of the historical phonology of Manx, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, →DOI, page 72

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish creitid,[1] from Proto-Celtic *kreddīti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁-.

Pronunciation

Verb

creid (past chreid, future creididh, verbal noun creidsinn or creidse, past participle creidte)

  1. believe, feel convinced, think
    creididh iad sinne ― they will believe us
    cha chreid mi gun tèid i ann ― I don't think she will go
    Thill e. – An do thill? – Cha chreid mi nach do thill.
    He returned. – Did he? – I do believe he did, or, He did indeed.
    (literally, “I don't believe he didn't return”)
    cha ghabh e creidsinn ― it can't be believed
    tha i a' creidsinn ann an sìthichean ― she believes in fairies
  2. credit
  3. confide, trust, rely

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutation of creid
radical lenition
creid chreid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “creitid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966), Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
  3. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937), The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  4. ^ Wentworth, Roy (2003), Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
  5. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956), A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “creid”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • MacLennan, Malcolm (1925), A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC
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