contrevenir
French
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin contrāveniō. By surface analysis, contre- + venir.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).niʁ/
Audio (France (Toulouse)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
contrevenir
- to contravene [with à]
- contrevenir à un règlement ― contravene a rule
Conjugation
This is a verb in a group of -ir verbs. All verbs ending in -venir, such as convenir and devenir, are conjugated this way. Such verbs are the only verbs whose past historic and subjunctive imperfect endings do not start with one of these thematic vowels: -a-, -i-, -u-.
Conjugation of contrevenir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | contrevenir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | contrevenant /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | contrevenu /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).ny/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | contreviens /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃/ |
contreviens /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃/ |
contrevient /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃/ |
contrevenons /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).nɔ̃/ |
contrevenez /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).ne/ |
contreviennent /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛn/ |
| imperfect | contrevenais /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).nɛ/ |
contrevenais /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).nɛ/ |
contrevenait /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).nɛ/ |
contrevenions /kɔ̃.tʁə.və.njɔ̃/ |
contreveniez /kɔ̃.tʁə.və.nje/ |
contrevenaient /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | contrevins /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃/ |
contrevins /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃/ |
contrevint /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃/ |
contrevînmes /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃m/ |
contrevîntes /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃t/ |
contrevinrent /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃ʁ/ | |
| future | contreviendrai /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁe/ |
contreviendras /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁa/ |
contreviendra /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁa/ |
contreviendrons /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
contreviendrez /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁe/ |
contreviendront /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | contreviendrais /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
contreviendrais /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
contreviendrait /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
contreviendrions /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
contreviendriez /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁi.je/ |
contreviendraient /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | contrevienne /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛn/ |
contreviennes /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛn/ |
contrevienne /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛn/ |
contrevenions /kɔ̃.tʁə.və.njɔ̃/ |
contreveniez /kɔ̃.tʁə.və.nje/ |
contreviennent /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛn/ |
| imperfect2 | contrevinsse /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃s/ |
contrevinsses /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃s/ |
contrevînt /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃/ |
contrevinssions /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ |
contrevinssiez /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃.sje/ |
contrevinssent /kɔ̃.tʁə.vɛ̃s/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | contreviens /kɔ̃.tʁə.vjɛ̃/ |
— | contrevenons /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).nɔ̃/ |
contrevenez /kɔ̃.tʁə.v(ə).ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “contrevenir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012