coinnigh

Irish

Alternative forms

coingibh, congaibh, congbhuigh, congbhaigh (obsolete)^[1]

Etymology

From Middle Irish congbaid, from Old Irish con·gaib.^[2]

Pronunciation

(Munster) IPA^(key): /ˈkinʲəvʲ/^[3], /ˈcinʲəvʲ/^[4]
(Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈkin̠ʲə/^[5]^[6], /ˈkɨn̠ʲə/^[7], /ˈkɨn̠ʲi/^[8]
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈkɞn̠ʲi(ː)/^[9] ~ /ˈkɨn̠ʲi(ː)/^[10]

Verb

coinnigh (present analytic coinníonn, future analytic coinneoidh, verbal noun coinneáil, past participle coinnithe) (transitive)

to keep, maintain
to retain, hold
to detain (put under custody)
to observe (take note of and celebrate)

Conjugation

Conjugation of *coinnigh* (second conjugation)
indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
indicative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	coinním	coinníonn tú; coinnír^†	coinníonn sé, sí	coinnímid; coinníonn muid	coinníonn sibh	coinníonn siad; coinníd^†	a choinníonn; a choinníos	coinnítear
past	choinnigh mé; choinníos	choinnigh tú; choinnís	choinnigh sé, sí	choinníomar; choinnigh muid	choinnigh sibh; choinníobhair	choinnigh siad; choinníodar	a choinnigh	coinníodh
past habitual	choinnínn / coinnínn^‡	choinníteá / coinníteá^‡	choinníodh sé, sí / coinníodh sé, sí^‡	choinnímis; choinníodh muid / coinnímis^‡; coinníodh muid^‡	choinníodh sibh / coinníodh sibh^‡	choinnídís; choinníodh / coinnídís^‡; coinníodh siad^‡	a choinníodh	choinnítí / coinnítí^‡

	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
future	coinneoidh mé; coinneod; coinneochaidh mé^†	coinneoidh tú; coinneoir^†; coinneochaidh tú^†	coinneoidh sé, sí; coinneochaidh sé, sí^†	coinneoimid; coinneoidh muid; coinneochaimid^†; coinneochaidh muid^†	coinneoidh sibh; coinneochaidh sibh^†	coinneoidh siad; coinneoid^†; coinneochaidh siad^†	a choinneoidh; a choinneos; a choinneochaidh^†; a choinneochas^†	coinneofar; coinneochar^†
conditional	choinneoinn; choinneochainn^† / coinneoinn^‡; coinneochainn^†^‡	choinneofá; choinneochthá^† / coinneofá^‡; coinneochthá^†^‡	choinneodh sé, sí; choinneochadh sé, sí^† / coinneodh sé, sí^‡; coinneochadh sé, sí^†^‡	choinneoimis; choinneodh muid; choinneochaimis^†; choinneochadh muid^† / coinneoimis^‡; coinneodh muid^‡; coinneochaimis^†^‡; coinneochadh muid^†^‡	choinneodh sibh; choinneochadh sibh^† / coinneodh sibh^‡; coinneochadh sibh^†^‡	choinneoidís; choinneodh siad; choinneochaidís^†; choinneochadh siad^† / coinneoidís^‡; coinneodh siad^‡; coinneochaidís^†^‡; coinneochadh siad^†^‡	a choinneodh; a choinneochadh^†	choinneofaí; choinneochthaí^† / coinneofaí^‡; coinneochthaí^†^‡

subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
subjunctive	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	go gcoinní mé; go gcoinníod^†	go gcoinní tú; go gcoinnír^†	go gcoinní sé, sí	go gcoinnímid; go gcoinní muid	go gcoinní sibh	go gcoinní siad; go gcoinníd^†	—	go gcoinnítear
past	dá gcoinnínn	dá gcoinníteá	dá gcoinníodh sé, sí	dá gcoinnímis; dá gcoinníodh muid	dá gcoinníodh sibh	dá gcoinnídís; dá gcoinníodh siad	—	dá gcoinnítí

imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
imperative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
—	coinním	coinnigh	coinníodh sé, sí	coinnímis	coinnígí; coinnídh^†	coinnídís	—	coinnítear

past participle	coinnithe

verbal noun	coinniú

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Synonyms

coimeád

Derived terms

coinnigh amach ó (“to keep away from”)
coinnigh amuigh (“keep out”)
coinnigh ar (“keep at”)
coinnigh istigh (“keep in”)
coinnigh le (“catch, meet up with”)
coinnigh ó (“refrain from”)
coinnigh siar (“to keep back, withhold”)
coinnigh síos (“keep down”)
coinnigh suas (“keep up”)
coinnigh suas le (“to keep up with”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of *coinnigh*
radical	lenition	eclipsis
coinnigh	choinnigh	gcoinnigh

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ “coinnigh”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “con·gaib”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
^ Ó Cuív, Brian (1968), The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 396, page 120; reprinted 1988
^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1938), Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Description of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ancienne Honoré Champion, § 162, page 125
^ Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 161
^ Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968), The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, section 369, page 151
^ Ó Máille, T. S. (1974), Liosta Focal as Ros Muc [Word List from Rosmuck] (in Irish), Baile Átha Cliath [Dublin]: Irish University Press, →ISBN, page 48
^ Stockman, Gerard (1974), The Irish of Achill, Co. Mayo (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; vol. 2), Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast, section 563, page 62
^ Lucas, Leslie W. (1979), Grammar of Ros Goill Irish Co. Donegal (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; vol. 5), Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University of Belfast, section 467, page 121
^ Hamilton, John Noel (1974), A Phonetic Study of the Irish of Tory Island, Co. Donegal (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; vol. 3), Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen’s University Belfast, page 257