cathaigh

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish cathaigid.^[1] By surface analysis, cath (“battle”) +‎ -aigh.

Verb

cathaigh (present analytic cathaíonn, future analytic cathóidh, verbal noun cathú, past participle cathaithe) (literary)

to fight, battle [with le ‘with’]
to tempt

Usage notes

While the verbal noun cathú is still the ordinary word for “temptation”, the finite verb cathaigh is now rarely used in the colloquial language.

Conjugation

Conjugation of *cathaigh* (second conjugation)
indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
indicative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	cathaím	cathaíonn tú; cathaír^†	cathaíonn sé, sí	cathaímid; cathaíonn muid	cathaíonn sibh	cathaíonn siad; cathaíd^†	a chathaíonn; a chathaíos	cathaítear
past	chathaigh mé; chathaíos	chathaigh tú; chathaís	chathaigh sé, sí	chathaíomar; chathaigh muid	chathaigh sibh; chathaíobhair	chathaigh siad; chathaíodar	a chathaigh	cathaíodh
past habitual	chathaínn / cathaínn^‡	chathaíteá / cathaíteá^‡	chathaíodh sé, sí / cathaíodh sé, sí^‡	chathaímis; chathaíodh muid / cathaímis^‡; cathaíodh muid^‡	chathaíodh sibh / cathaíodh sibh^‡	chathaídís; chathaíodh / cathaídís^‡; cathaíodh siad^‡	a chathaíodh	chathaítí / cathaítí^‡

	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
future	cathóidh mé; cathód; cathóchaidh mé^†	cathóidh tú; cathóir^†; cathóchaidh tú^†	cathóidh sé, sí; cathóchaidh sé, sí^†	cathóimid; cathóidh muid; cathóchaimid^†; cathóchaidh muid^†	cathóidh sibh; cathóchaidh sibh^†	cathóidh siad; cathóid^†; cathóchaidh siad^†	a chathóidh; a chathós; a chathóchaidh^†; a chathóchas^†	cathófar; cathóchar^†
conditional	chathóinn; chathóchainn^† / cathóinn^‡; cathóchainn^†^‡	chathófá; chathóchthá^† / cathófá^‡; cathóchthá^†^‡	chathódh sé, sí; chathóchadh sé, sí^† / cathódh sé, sí^‡; cathóchadh sé, sí^†^‡	chathóimis; chathódh muid; chathóchaimis^†; chathóchadh muid^† / cathóimis^‡; cathódh muid^‡; cathóchaimis^†^‡; cathóchadh muid^†^‡	chathódh sibh; chathóchadh sibh^† / cathódh sibh^‡; cathóchadh sibh^†^‡	chathóidís; chathódh siad; chathóchaidís^†; chathóchadh siad^† / cathóidís^‡; cathódh siad^‡; cathóchaidís^†^‡; cathóchadh siad^†^‡	a chathódh; a chathóchadh^†	chathófaí; chathóchthaí^† / cathófaí^‡; cathóchthaí^†^‡

subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
subjunctive	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	go gcathaí mé; go gcathaíod^†	go gcathaí tú; go gcathaír^†	go gcathaí sé, sí	go gcathaímid; go gcathaí muid	go gcathaí sibh	go gcathaí siad; go gcathaíd^†	—	go gcathaítear
past	dá gcathaínn	dá gcathaíteá	dá gcathaíodh sé, sí	dá gcathaímis; dá gcathaíodh muid	dá gcathaíodh sibh	dá gcathaídís; dá gcathaíodh siad	—	dá gcathaítí

imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
imperative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
—	cathaím	cathaigh	cathaíodh sé, sí	cathaímis	cathaígí; cathaídh^†	cathaídís	—	cathaítear

past participle	cathaithe

verbal noun	cathú

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Synonyms

(fight, battle): troid, streachail
(tempt): cuir cathú ar

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

cathaigh

vocative/genitive singular of cathach m
(archaic or dialectal) dative singular of cathach f

Adjective