captivus

From captus (“to capture”) +‎ -īvus.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [kapˈtiː.wʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [kapˈtiː.vus]

captīvus m (genitive captīvī, feminine captīva); second declension

1. a captive, a prisoner

Second-declension noun.

captīvus (feminine captīva, neuter captīvum); first/second-declension adjective

1. captive
2. captured; imprisoned
3. of or pertaining to captive men, prisoners
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 7.14:

     […] : mulis strata detrahi iubet binisque tantum centunculis relictis agasones partim captivis, partim aegrorum armis ornatos imponit.

     […] : he orders the mules to be stripped off their saddles and, leaving them only some two small pieces of patchwork to be sat on, be mounted with their muleteers carrying weapons taken from either the prisoners or the sick.

First/second-declension adjective.

• captīva
• captīvitas
• captīvō

• “captivus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “captivus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "captivus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “captivus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to exchange prisoners: captivos permutare, commutare
    
  • to ransom prisoners: captivos redimere (Off. 2. 18)
    
  • to restore prisoners without ransom: captivos sine pretio reddere