capitaneus
Latin
Etymology
- From caput (“head”) + -āneus. Compare typologically Russian глава́ (glavá), глава́рь (glavárʹ), голова́ (golová).
- Later absorbed and merged with similar catepanus, capetanus, and other Vulgar Latin renderings of catepan, the senior rank and title of Byzantine military captains of the Catepanate of Italy, from Byzantine Greek κατεπάνω (katepánō, literally “[the one] placed at the top, or the topmost”)
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ka.pɪˈtaː.ne.ʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ka.piˈtaː.ne.us]
Adjective
capitāneus (feminine capitānea, neuter capitāneum); first/second-declension adjective
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | capitāneus | capitānea | capitāneum | capitāneī | capitāneae | capitānea | |
| genitive | capitāneī | capitāneae | capitāneī | capitāneōrum | capitāneārum | capitāneōrum | |
| dative | capitāneō | capitāneae | capitāneō | capitāneīs | |||
| accusative | capitāneum | capitāneam | capitāneum | capitāneōs | capitāneās | capitānea | |
| ablative | capitāneō | capitāneā | capitāneō | capitāneīs | |||
| vocative | capitānee | capitānea | capitāneum | capitāneī | capitāneae | capitānea | |
Noun
capitāneus m (genitive capitāneī, feminine capitānea); second declension
Declension
Second-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | capitāneus | capitāneī |
| genitive | capitāneī | capitāneōrum |
| dative | capitāneō | capitāneīs |
| accusative | capitāneum | capitāneōs |
| ablative | capitāneō | capitāneīs |
| vocative | capitānee | capitāneī |
Descendants
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Gallo-Italic:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Old French: chastain, chevetaine (influenced by chief) (see there for further descendants)
Via capitānea f:
Via capitāneum n:
- Balkano-Romance:
- Aromanian: cãpitãnj, cãpitãnjiu, cãpitinj, cãpitinjiu, cãpitunj, cãpitunjiu
- Romanian: căpătâi
Borrowings:
Unsorted borrowings:
- → Arabic: قبطان (qubṭān)
- → Belarusian: капітан (kapitan)
- → Bulgarian: капитан (kapitan)
- → Crimean Tatar: kapitan
- → Georgian: კაპიტანი (ḳaṗiṭani)
- → Hebrew: קפטן (kepten)
- → Hijazi Arabic: قبطان (gubṭān)
- → Hungarian: kapitány
- → Icelandic: kapteinn
- → Latvian: kapteinis
- → Macedonian: капетан (kapetan)
- → Malayalam: കപ്പിത്താന് (kappittānŭ)
- → Maltese: kaptan
- → Persian: کاپیتان (kâpitân)
- → Scottish Gaelic: caiptean
- → Serbo-Croatian: капетан / kapetan
- → Slovak: kapitán
- → Slovene: kapetan
- → Welsh: capten
- → Yiddish: קאַפּיטאַן (kapitan)
References
- “capitaneus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- "capitaneus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “capitaneus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.