borg
English
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /bɔːɡ/
- (General American) IPA(key): /bɔɹɡ/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)ɡ
Etymology 1
Clipping of cyborg, a contraction of cybernetic organism.
Noun
borg (plural borgs)
- Synonym of cyborg.
- 2003, Dalos Gaymer, “Gotcha Force Review for GameCube”, GameFAQs:
- You'll also have to put together a team or Force of borgs that you won from winning battles. Before battle you assemble your Force within the GF Energy Limit. Each borg has a cost attached to them and this GF Energy Limit is kind of like your budget.
- 2003, Dalos Gaymer, “Gotcha Force Review for GameCube”, GameFAQs:
Verb
borg (third-person singular simple present borgs, present participle borging, simple past and past participle borged)
- Alternative spelling of Borg.
Etymology 2
Noun
borg (plural borgs)
- Alternative form of BORG.
Anagrams
Cimbrian
Etymology
From Middle High German vurch. Cognate with German Furche, English furrow.
Noun
borg m
- (Sette Comuni) furrow (trench cut in soil)
References
- “borg” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974), Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpɒˀw], [ˈpɒwˀ]
- Homophone: bov
Etymology 1
From Old Danish borgh, burg, from Old Norse borg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”), cognate with German Burg (“castle”) and English borough. The Germanic noun is derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise”), which is also the source of Danish bjerg (“mountain”).
Noun
borg c (singular definite borgen, plural indefinite borge)
Inflection
| common gender |
singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | borg | borgen | borge | borgene |
| genitive | borgs | borgens | borges | borgenes |
Further reading
- borg on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da
Etymology 2
From Middle Low German borg, borge. Compare German Borg (“credit”).
Noun
borg c
- (dated) credit
- På borg. ― On credit.
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
borg
- imperative of borge (“to guarantee, vouch for”)
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɔrx/
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: borg
- Rhymes: -ɔrx
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch borge, ultimately from the root of the verb bergen (“to protect, safeguard”).
Noun
borg m (plural borgen, no diminutive)
Derived terms
Descendants
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
borg
- singular past indicative of bergen
- inflection of borgen:
- first-person singular present indicative
- (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
- imperative
Faroese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɔɹk/
Etymology 1
From Old Norse borg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“fort”). Related to berg (“mountain”), bjørg (“mountain side”).
Noun
borg f (genitive singular borgar, plural borgir)
Declension
| f2 | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | borg | borgin | borgir | borgirnar |
| accusative | borg | borgina | borgir | borgirnar |
| dative | borg | borgini | borgum | borgunum |
| genitive | borgar | borgarinnar | borga | borganna |
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Danish borg, from Middle Low German borg, borge. Compare German Borg (“credit”).
Noun
borg n (genitive singular borgs, uncountable)
Declension
| n3s | singular | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | borg | borgið |
| accusative | borg | borgið |
| dative | borgi | borginum |
| genitive | borgs | borgsins |
Synonyms
- (bail): borgan
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse borg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-. Related to berg, bjarg (“rock, cliff”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɔrk/
- Rhymes: -ɔrk
Noun
borg f (genitive singular borgar, nominative plural borgir)
Declension
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | borg | borgin | borgir | borgirnar |
| accusative | borg | borgina | borgir | borgirnar |
| dative | borg | borginni | borgum | borgunum |
| genitive | borgar | borgarinnar | borga | borganna |
Derived terms
- borgarbúi
- borgardómari
- borgarfulltrúi
- borgarhluti
- borgarísjaki
- borgarsjórn
- borgarstjóri
- höfuðborg
- Rómaborg
- Vínarborg
Irish
Noun
borg m (genitive singular boirg, nominative plural boirg)
- alternative form of buirg (“borough”)
Declension
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| borg | bhorg | mborg |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “borg”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Danish borg, from Old Norse borg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“fort”). Inherited with masculine declension from Danish, the optional feminine declension was later borrowed from Nynorsk.
Noun
borg m or f (definite singular borga or borgen, indefinite plural borger, definite plural borgene)
- a castle (fortified building)
References
- “borg” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse borg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“stronghold, city”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“fort”).
Noun
borg f (definite singular borga, indefinite plural borger, definite plural borgene)
- a castle
References
- “borg” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English
Etymology
Related to the verb borgian (“to borrow”), which see.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /borɡ/, [borˠɣ]
Noun
borg m
Declension
Strong a-stem:
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | borg | borgas |
| accusative | borg | borgas |
| genitive | borges | borga |
| dative | borge | borgum |
Derived terms
Related terms
Old French
Noun
borg oblique singular, m (oblique plural bors, nominative singular bors, nominative plural borg)
- alternative form of burg
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *burgz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“fortified elevation”).
Noun
borg f (genitive borgar, plural borgir)
Declension
| feminine | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | borg | borgin | borgir | borgirnar |
| accusative | borg | borgina | borgir | borgirnar |
| dative | borgu | borgunni | borgum | borgunum |
| genitive | borgar | borgarinnar | borga | borganna |
Descendants
- Icelandic: borg
- Faroese: borg
- Norwegian Nynorsk: borg; (dialectal) børg
- Elfdalian: borg
- Old Swedish: borgh
- Swedish: borg
- Old Danish: borgh, burg
- Old Gutnish: burg, borg
Further reading
- Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “borg”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
Polish
Alternative forms
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Kashubian bórg.
Pronunciation
Noun
borg m inan
Further reading
- Marzena Kozanecka-Zwierz, Magdalena Bartosiewicz, Renata Marciniak-Firadza, editors (2014), “borg”, in Gwara – Księżaków "język ojczysty" Dziedzictwo regionu łowickiego (in Polish), Łowicz: Muzeum w Łowiczu, →ISBN, page 22
Swedish
Etymology 1
From Old Swedish borgh (“fortress, city”), from Old Norse borg (also "bulwark", "wall'), from Proto-Germanic *burgz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-. Akin to English borough, burgh, Old Irish bri (hence the name Birgitta).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɔrj/
Audio; “en borg”: (file)
Noun
borg c
- a fortified castle (or city)
Usage notes
Compare slott, which leans more towards palace.
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | borg | borgs |
| definite | borgen | borgens | |
| plural | indefinite | borgar | borgars |
| definite | borgarna | borgarnas |
Derived terms
- borgfred
- borggård
- borgruin
- bygdeborg
- fanborg
- fingerborg
- fornborg
- Göteborg
- Helsingborg
- hoppborg
- högborg
- kungaborg
- landborg
- medeltidsborg
- riddarborg
- Swedenborg
- trojaborg
- vagnborg
- valborg
Related terms
See also
- slott (non-fortified)
- tinne
- vallgrav (“moat”)
- vindbrygga (“drawbridge”)
Etymology 2
Unadapted borrowing from English, from cyborg.
Noun
borg c
- a borg
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | borg | borgs |
| definite | borgen | borgens | |
| plural | indefinite | borger | borgers |
| definite | borgerna | borgernas |
References
- borg in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
- borg in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)