ack d

Tashelhit

Alternative forms

ack, ac, ackid, ackd, act, ackikd

Etymology

Inherited from Medieval Tashelhit آشّكد (ašškǝd, “to come”), from آشك (ack, “to leave, to get lost”) + د (d, “a directional clitic "hither"”), ultimately from Proto-Berber *aškəʔ (“to leave, to get lost”). Compare with Kabyle iruḥ-d (“he came”), and Central Atlas Tamazight ⴷⴷⵓ ⴷ (ddu d, “to come”).

Compare Awjila škí (“to leave, to come out, to take out”), Central Atlas Tamazight ⴰⵛⴽ (ack, “to get lost”), Ait Atta aššək (“to get lost”), Tuareg ašk (“to get lost”), Zenaga iʔmǝški (“stranger, guest”), and Korandje wuska (“to go astray”). Unrelated to Tarifit as (“to come”) and its cognates.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /aʃk d/

Verb

ack d (intensive aorist ttacka d, Tifinagh spelling ⴰⵛⴽ ⴷ, Arabic spelling آشك د)

to come, to arrive
اوشكيغد زغ تمازيرت نّغ ― uckiɣ d zɣ tmazirt nnɣ ― I have come from my hometown.
to suit, to fit
يوشكاد ديس سّروال ― yuckad dis ssrwal ad ― These pants suit him well.

Derived terms

lli d yuckan (“the upcoming”)
mcacka (“to agree”)
ssack (“to bring in, to adjust”)

Descendants

→ Andalusian Arabic: aškad (“hurry up”)
→ Moroccan Amazigh: ⴰⵛⴽ ⴷ (ack d, “to come”)

References

Stroomer, Harry (2025), Dictionnaire berbère tachelḥiyt-français — Tome 1 a—e (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 188/1) (in French), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 477b
Marijn van Putten (2024), “Proto-Berber Heavy Verbs”, in The Handbook of Berber Linguistics, Springer Singapore, →DOI, →ISBN, page 309