T'ien-ching

English

Pronunciation

  • enPR: tyĕn′jĭng′[1]

Etymology 1

From Mandarin 天津 (Tiānjīng) Wade–Giles romanization: Tʻien¹-ching¹.[2][3]

Proper noun

T'ien-ching

  1. Synonym of Tianjin.
    • [1944, John A. Pope, “Geography”, in China (Smithsonian Institution War Background Studies), number 20, Washington: Smithsonian Institution, →OCLC, page 7:
      The great so-called seaport of T‘ien-ching (Tientsin), some 75 miles to the southeast, actually lies 40 miles from the sea on the Hai Ho, which is unsuitable for any but light navigation.]
    • 1969, Norton Ginsburg, “The Geography of China”, in Joseph Kitagawa, editor, Understanding Modern China‎[2], Quadrangle Books, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 56:
      Thus, in climatic terms, many coastal stations in northern China display characteristics of inland stations; T’ien-ching, for example, lies about five hundred miles from the Pacific edge of the continental shelf East China sea, and is in effect, then, five hundred miles “inland.”
    • 1994, Tony Scotland, The Empty Throne: The Quest for an Imperial Heir in the People's Republic of China‎[3], Penguin Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 88:
      When P’u-yi arrived in Ch’ang-ch’un to take up his post as Chief Executive of Manchukuo, he was accompanied by only one wife, the Empress Beauty in Flower: his Secondary Consort, Elegant Ornament, had run off and divorced him in T’ien-ching the previous year.
    • 2013, Nicholas J. Saunders, “Opium Dreams”, in The Poppy: A History of Conflict, Loss, Remembrance and Redemption‎[4], Oneworld Publications, published 2014, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 47:
      The British invoked the clause of the Nanking treaty, which had agreed that foreign vessels and their crews would not submit to Chinese law, Britain and France joined forces, and in 1857 a combined naval force seized Canton, taking several key Chinese forts near T’ien-ching (now Tianjin) a few months later.
    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:T'ien-ching.

Etymology 2

From Mandarin 天京 (Tiānjīng) Wade–Giles romanization: Tʻien¹-ching¹.

Proper noun

T'ien-ching

  1. (historical) Alternative form of Tianjing (Nanjing).
    • 1960, “The Heavenly Kingdom of the Taipings”, in Wm. Theodore de Bary, Wing-tsit Chan, Chester Tan, compilers, Sources of Chinese Tradition, volume II, New York; London: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, pages 21–22:
      Once established in their capital at Nanking, occupied March, 1853, and renamed “Heavenly Capital” (T’ien-ching), the Taipings sent out an expedition to take Peking which again made striking gains initially, but was eventually slowed, isolated, and defeated.
    • 1973, Jen Yu-wen, “The Occupation of Nanking (1853)”, in The Taiping Revolutionary Movement‎[5], Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 123:
      The decision came quickly. Nanking would be the Heavenly Capital (T’ien-ching).
    • 1975, Federic Wakeman, Jr., The Fall of Imperial China‎[6], →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 152:
      On February 18, 1853, Chiu-chiang fell to the rebels, who went on to take Anking. Less than a month later, on March 19, the Taiping forces captured the beautiful city of Nanking, which was renamed T'ien-ching (Heavenly Capital) to commemorate the occasion.
    • 1986, Madge Huntington, “The Qing Dynasty and the Continued Western Presence, 1644–1911”, in A Traveler's Guide to Chinese History‎[7], 1st edition (Travel/History), New York: Henry Holt and Company, published 1987, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 122:
      By 1851 the Taiping army had captured large areas in the southern half of the empire, and two years later it took Nanjing, which was renamed Tianjing [T'ien-ching] ("Heavenly Capital").
    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:T'ien-ching.

References

  1. ^ Seltzer, Leon E., editor (1952), “Tientsin or T’ien-ching”, in The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, Morningside Heights, NY: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, page 1911, column 2
  2. ^ Tianjin, Wade-Giles romanization T’ien-ching, in Encyclopædia Britannica
  3. ^ Daniel Nelson (1944), An English — Chinese Romanized Dictionary [英漢國語字典]‎[1], Minneapolis, Minnesota: Augsburg Publishing House, →OCLC, page 313: “Tientsin 天津 t'ien¹ ching¹”

Further reading

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