Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/ap

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *apʰə, *apʰə-l (for Proto-Yeniseian), *aˑp (for Proto-Ketic, per Werner 2002)
  • *ʔapV, *ʔapV-l (per Starostin 1994-2005)[1]
  • *apʰ, *apʰʌ (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
  • *ab, *ap (per Cologne group. Pattern: X-p.1)[2][3]

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

*ap (plural *ap-Vŋ)

  1. (meteorology) heat, hot air
Derived terms
  • *-ap (“to forge”)

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Ket: (All dialects) а (āˑ)[4]
      • ⇒ Ket: (All dialects) ату (āˑtu, “sweat, sweaty”)[5]
    • 18th century Ostyak Yug: (Castrén) âf (âf)
      • Yug: ап (āˑp)
        • ⇒ Yug: абден (āˑbdɛn, “sweat”)
  • Kottic:
    • ⇒ Kott: (Castrén) apîkŋ (“sweat”)
  • ⇒? Proto-Yeniseian: *ap-ajɬ (“heat, warmth”, literally “heat-mud?, mushy or runny substance?”)[6][7][8] (Monosyllabic stem: *pajɬ)
    • Ketic:
      • Ket: (Southern dialects) хъйль (hʌjlʲ, “thaw in the spring”)[9]
    • Kottic:
      • Assan: (Klaproth, Müller) palá, (Pallas) pfóltu, (Klaproth) paltu
      • Kott: (Castrén) fal, pʰal, (Helimski) pala, paltu, (Klaproth, Müller) pfoltu
        • ⇒ Kott: (Klaproth) palpójaŋ (“red embers”)
    • Arinic:
      • ⇒ Arin: (Helimski) pentu (“heat”)

See also

  • Yeniseian entry guidelines § Historical bibliography

References

  1. ^ https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fDATA%2fYENISEY%2fYENET&text_number=23&root=config
  2. ^ Hill, Eugen; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Svenja, Bonmann (2024), “231”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[1], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 216-293
  3. ^ Footnote: Yugh data agrees with the intervocalic variants of the coda pattern p.1, according to Hill et al. (2024).
  4. ^ Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, page 74
  5. ^ Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, page 105
  6. ^ Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*al (2)”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 1, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 27
  7. ^ Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*pʰal (1)”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 1, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 541
  8. ^ Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*pʰʌjl (OKet)”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 1, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 587
  9. ^ Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, page 196

Further reading

  • Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*apʰ/*apʰʌ; *apʰʌŋ”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 1, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, pages 58, 60-61
  • Vajda, Edward (2024), The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎[2], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 408
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002), “1aˑ (I, II)”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 92-93
  • Werner, Heinrich (2005), “hot (calidus)”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 303
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