Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/waldan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *waldaną.

Verb

*waldan

  1. to rule, to control

Inflection

Strong class 7c
Infinitive *waldan
1st sg. past *weald
3rd pl. past *wealdun
Past ptcple *waldan
Infinitive *waldan
Genitive infin. *waldannjas
Dative infin. *waldannjē
Instrum. infin. *waldannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *waldu *weald
2nd singular *waldiʀi *wealdī
3rd singular *waldidi *weald
1st plural *waldum *wealdum
2nd plural *waldid *wealdud
3rd plural *waldand *wealdun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *waldē *wealdī
2nd singular *waldēs *wealdī
3rd singular *waldē *wealdī
1st plural *waldēm *wealdīm
2nd plural *waldēþ *wealdīd
3rd plural *waldēn *wealdīn
Imperative Present
Singular *wald
Plural *waldid
Present Past
Participle *waldandī *waldan

Descendants

  • Old English: wealdan
    • Middle English: welden
      • English: wield (“to handle”), wald (“to govern”)
      • Scots: wield, wald
  • Old Frisian: walda (weak verb)
  • Old Saxon: waldan
  • Old Dutch: waldan
    • ⇒ Middle Dutch: gewouden (strong verb)
  • Old High German: waltan
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