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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *saiwalō.
Noun
*saiwalu f[1]
- soul
Inflection
| ō-stem
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Singular
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| Nominative
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*saiwalu
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| Genitive
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*saiwalā
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Singular
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Plural
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| Nominative
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*saiwalu
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*saiwalō
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| Accusative
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*saiwalā
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*saiwalā
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| Genitive
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*saiwalā
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*saiwalō
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| Dative
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*saiwalē
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*saiwalōm, *saiwalum
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| Instrumental
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*saiwalu
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*saiwalōm, *saiwalum
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Derived terms
Descendants
- Old English: sāwol, sāwel, sāwal, sāul, sawl, sōwhul, sawul
- Middle English: soule, saul, saule, souel, soul, soull, soulle, sowel, sowele, sowle, sowll, sowyl, sauele, sawlæ, sawle, sæule (Early Middle English), sauel, saull, saulle, sawel, sawele, sawell, sawil, sawle (Northern), zaule (Kent)
- English: soul (see there for further descendants)
- Scots: saul, sowel
- → Old Norse: sála, sál
- Icelandic: sál
- Faroese: sál
- Norwegian Nynorsk: sål
- Old Gutnish: selu
- Old Frisian: sēla
- Old Saxon: sēola
- Middle Low German: sêle
- Low German: Seel, Siel, Seele, Siele, Sele
- German Low German: Seel
- Westphalian:
- Sauerländisch: Siäle, Säile, Saile, Sǟle
- Westmünsterländisch: Seele, Sääle
- Plautdietsch: Seel
- → Old Norse:
- Old Dutch: sēla, siela, *sēola, *siola
- Old High German: sēla
References
- ^ Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 330: “PWGmc *saiwalu”