Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kāl-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

    Verb

    *kāl-

    1. (intransitive) to stay behind, remain

    Descendants

    • Oghur:
      • Chuvash: юл (jul)
    • Proto-Common Turkic:
    • Medieval:
      • Karakhanid: قَلْماقْ (qalmāq)
      • Old Turkic:
        • Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰞 (qal-)
        • Old Uyghur: qʾlmʾq (qalmaq)
      • Kipchak:
        • Kipchak: [script needed] (qal-)
        • Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (qal-)
      • Khorezmian: [script needed] (qal-)
    • Arghu:
    • Oghuz:
      • West Oghuz:
        • Azerbaijani: qalmaq
        • Ottoman Turkish: قالمق (qalmaq)
      • East Oghuz:
        • Turkmen: gālmak
    • Kipchak:
    • Karluk:
    • Siberian:
      • North Siberian:
        • Dolgan: каал (kaal)
        • Yakut: хаал (qaal)
      • South Siberian:
        • Yenisei Turkic:
          • Khakas: халарға (xalarğa)
        • Sayan Turkic:
        • Northern Altai: каларга (kalarga)

    References

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