Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/almïla

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *āl (“red”) +‎ *mïla (“apple?”), literally “red apple”. Possibly cognating with Ancient Greek μῆλον (mêlon, “apple”), from an unknown source. It is highly probable that the name of the fruit, which spread to the world from Central Asia in the Bronze Age, was taken from a common source in various languages.

Noun

*almïla

  1. apple

Reconstruction notes


Declension

Declension of *almïla
singular 3)
nominative *almïla
accusative *almïlag, *almïlanï1)
genitive *almïlanïŋ
dative *almïlaka
locative *almïlada
ablative *almïladan
allative *almïlagaru
instrumental 2) *almïlan
equative 2) *almïlača
similative 2) *almïlalayu
comitative 2) *almïlalïgu
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Alternative reconstructions

  • *alïmla, *ālimla

Descendants

  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: омла (omla) (dialectal) [note 1]
  • Proto-Common Turkic: *alma (see there for further descendants)
    • Arghu:
    • Karluk:
      • Karakhanid: اَلُمِلا (almïla) [note 2] (as part of the compound اَلُمِلا قِمِزْ (qïmïz almïla))[1]
    • → Proto-Mongolic: *alima
      • Kalmyk: альмн (alʹmn)
      • Middle Mongol: ᠠᠯᠢᠮ᠎ᠠ (alim-a)
        • Classical Mongolian: ᠠᠯᠢᠮ᠎᠎ᠠ (alim--a)

See also

Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn
barley: *arpa beans, peas: *burčak farro, wheat: *bugday
jujube: *yidge berry: *yidgelek strawberry: *čige, *čigelek
apple: *almïla walnut: *yaŋgak honey: *bal
millet: *tarïg onion: *sōgun salt: *tūŕ
egg: *yumurtka butter: *yāg mushroom: *kömbe
radish: *turp, *turma carrot: *turma hazelnut: *bōńurï

References

  1. ^ al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074), Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 315


Cite error: <ref> tags exist for a group named "note", but no corresponding <references group="note"/> tag was found

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.