Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьrxъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wíršus. Cognate with Lithuanian viršùs, Latvian virsus/virsa.

Noun

*vь̃rxъ m^[1]^[2]

top

Declension

Declension of *vь̃rxъ (u-stem, accent paradigm b)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vь̃rxъ	*vьrxỳ	*vьrxòve
genitive	*vьrxù	*vьrxòvu	*vьrxòvъ
dative	*vьrxòvi	*vь̃rxъma	*vьrxъ̀mъ
accusative	*vь̃rxъ	*vьrxỳ	*vьrxỳ
instrumental	*vьrxъ̀mь	*vь̃rxъma	*vь̃rxъmī
locative	*vь̃rxu	*vьrxòvu	*vьrxъ̀xъ
vocative	*vьrxu	*vьrxỳ	*vьrxòve

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: вьрхъ (vĭrxŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: верхъ (verx)
    - Belarusian: верх (vjerx)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: верьх (verʹx)
    - Ukrainian: верх (verx)
  - Russian: верх (verx); верёх (verjóx) (dialectal)
- Old Novgorodian: вьрьхъ (vĭrĭxŭ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: врьхъ (vrĭxŭ)
- Bulgarian: връх (vrǎh)
- Macedonian: врв (vrv)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: вр̑х
  
  Latin script: vȓh
- Slovene: vȓh (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: vrch
  - Czech: vrch
    - Moravian (Mistřice): vŕch
- Polabian: varx
- Old Polish: wierzch
  - Polish: wierch, wierzch
  - Silesian: wiyrch
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: wiérzch
  - Slovincian: wjérzch
- Slovak: vrch, vŕšok
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: wjerch
  - Lower Sorbian: wjeŕch

Non-Slavic:
- Romanian: vârf

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*vь̀rxъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 538: “m. u (b) ‘top, upper part’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “vьrxъ vьrxu”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (NA 128; SA 21, 30, 33; PR 134); d (OSA 148f.) top”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*vь̀rxъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 538: “m. u (b) ‘top, upper part’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001), “vьrxъ vьrxu”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (NA 128; SA 21, 30, 33; PR 134); d (OSA 148f.) top”

[1]

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