Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/telťi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *telktei, from Proto-Indo-European *telk- (“to thrust, strike”). Cognate with Lithuanian ti̇̀lkti (“to be tame”), Latvian nuôtalcît, Proto-Celtic *tolkos (“an attack, tear”).

Verb

*telťì impf

to beat, hit
to pound, crush

Conjugation

Conjugation of *telťi, *tьlče, *tьlčetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*tьlčenьje	*telťi	*telťь	*tьlklъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*tьlčenъ	*tьlkomъ
Active	*tьlkъ	*tьlky

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*tьlk(ox)ъ	*tьlče	*tьlče	*tьlkǫ	*tьlčeši	*tьlčetь
Dual	*tьlk(ox)ově	*tьlk(e/os)ta	*tьlk(e/os)te	*tьlčevě	*tьlčeta	*tьlčete
Plural	*tьlk(ox)omъ	*tьlk(e/os)te	tьlkǫ, tьlkošę	*tьlčemъ	*tьlčete	*tьlkǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*tьlčaaxъ	*tьlčaaše	*tьlčaaše	—	*tьlci	*tьlci
Dual	*tьlčaaxově	*tьlčaašeta	*tьlčaašete	*tьlcěvě	*tьlcěta	—
Plural	*tьlčaaxomъ	*tьlčaašete	*tьlčaaxǫ	*tьlcěmъ	*tьlcěte	—

Aorist *tьlkeste ⇒ *tьlčeste, ...

Alternative reconstructions

*telkti (prior to palatalization *-kt- > *-čť- before front vowels)

Derived terms

*jьztelťi
*natelťi
*orztelťi
*otelťi, *otьlkati
*otъtelťi
*tolka
*tolkъ
*tolkъno

Related terms

*tьlknǫti
*tьlkati

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: толочи (toloči)
  - Belarusian: таўчы́ (tawčý)
  - Russian: толо́чь (tolóčʹ), толчы́ (tolčý)
  - Ukrainian: товкти́ (tovktý)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: тлѣщи (tlěšti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱅⰾⱑⱋⰻ (tlěšti)
- Bulgarian: тлъка́ (tlǎká) (obsolete) (cf. тъ́лча (tǎ́lča) < *tьlkati)
- Macedonian: толчи (tolči) (< *tьlčati)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ту̑ћи, ту́ћи
  
  Latin script: tȗći, túći
- Slovene: tlẹ́či, tólči (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: tlúci
  - Czech: tlouct
- Polabian: tauct
- Old Polish: tłuc
  - Polish: tłuc
- Slovak: tĺcť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: tołc
  - Lower Sorbian: tłuc

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “толочь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “толочь”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 248