Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/těřati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably an iterative verb derived from *terti +‎ *-ati, confer Slovene treti (“to rumble”). Cognate with Lithuanian tarýti (“to speak”), tar̃ti, Latvian tarēt (“to babble”), tiŗāt (“to speak loudly”). Further related to Old Prussian tārin (“voice”), Ancient Greek τορέω (toréō, “to speak clearly”), Sanskrit तार (tāra, “loud, shrill”), Old Armenian ընթեռնում (əntʻeṙnum) and Old Irish tairm (“voice”), all from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“to cry out, to yell”).^[1]

Verb

*tě̋řati impf

to demand, to require
to chase, hunt, pursue
to prosecute, to accuse
(East Slavic) to wreck, to destroy (?)

Reconstruction notes

The relationship between East and South Slavic terms is “uncertain”.

Inflection

Conjugation of *těřati, *těřa, *těřajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*těřanьje	*těřati	*těřatъ	*těřalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*těřanъ	*těřajemъ
Active	*těřavъ	*těřaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*těřaxъ	*těřa	*těřa	*těřajǫ	*těřaješi	*těřajetь
Dual	*těřaxově	*těřasta	*těřaste	*těřajevě	*těřajeta	*těřajete
Plural	*těřaxomъ	*těřaste	*těřašę	*těřajemъ	*těřajete	*těřajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*těřaaxъ	*těřaaše	*těřaaše	—	*těřaji	*těřaji
Dual	*těřaaxově	*těřaašeta	*těřaašete	*těřajivě	*těřajita	—
Plural	*těřaaxomъ	*těřaašete	*těřaaxǫ	*těřajimъ	*těřajite	—

Derived terms

*jьztěřati
*natěřati
*obtěřati
*pertěřati
*potěřati
- *potěřa
*utěřati

Related terms

*terti
*toriti
*tortoriti
*těrъ
*tyrati

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: *тѣрꙗти (*těrjati)
  - Old Ruthenian: тѣрꙗти (těrjati), тѣрати (těrati)
    - Ukrainian: теря́ти (terjáty)
  - Russian: теря́ть (terjátʹ)
South Slavic:
- Church Slavonic: тѣрꙗти (těrjati) (Serbian Church Slavonic)
- Bulgarian: те́рам (téram) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: те́ра (téra)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: тје̏рати, те̏рати
  
  Latin script: tjȅrati, tȅrati
- Slovene: tẹ̑rjati (tonal orthography)

References

^ Snoj, Marko (1997-2009), “tẹ̑rjati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovene etymological dictionary]‎^[1]