Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sytъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Disputed:
- Traditionally has been associated[1] with Lithuanian sótus (“satieted”), Latvian sāts (“satiety”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sā́ˀtas, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to satiate”). The root vocalism -y- in this case is problematic. Per Hirt, possibly derived from an earlier participle *sōut- (modern *sh₂-wénts ~ *suh₂-n̥tés >? pre-Slavic *sųtъ), cognate with Ancient Greek ᾱ̓́ων (ā́ōn), Sanskrit सिन्व (sinva).[2] Note that a *-w- element is reflected also in Old Armenian յագ (yag, “to satiety”).[3] Uhlenbeck had proposed borrowing from Gothic 𐍃𐍉𐌸(𐍃) (soþ(s)) which is usually dismissed on phonetic basis (expected would have been **sutъ).
- Snoj alternatively derives[4] it from Proto-Indo-European *sewh₃- (“abundant, full”), akin to Hittite 𒋗𒌋𒍑 (šu-u-uš, “full”) (u-stem).
See also Polish suty (“copious”) < *sutъ.
Adjective
Declension
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *sytъ | *syta | *syto |
| genitive | *syta | *syty | *syta |
| dative | *sytu | *sytě | *sytu |
| accusative | *sytъ | *sytǫ | *syto |
| instrumental | *sytomь | *sytojǫ | *sytomь |
| locative | *sytě | *sytě | *sytě |
| vocative | *syte | *syto | *syto |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *syta | *sytě | *sytě |
| genitive | *sytu | *sytu | *sytu |
| dative | *sytoma | *sytama | *sytoma |
| accusative | *syta | *sytě | *sytě |
| instrumental | *sytoma | *sytama | *sytoma |
| locative | *sytu | *sytu | *sytu |
| vocative | *syta | *sytě | *sytě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *syti | *syty | *syta |
| genitive | *sytъ | *sytъ | *sytъ |
| dative | *sytomъ | *sytamъ | *sytomъ |
| accusative | *syty | *syty | *syta |
| instrumental | *syty | *sytami | *syty |
| locative | *sytěxъ | *sytaxъ | *sytěxъ |
| vocative | *syti | *syty | *syta |
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *sytъjь | *sytaja | *sytoje |
| genitive | *sytajego | *sytyję̇ | *sytajego |
| dative | *sytujemu | *sytěji | *sytujemu |
| accusative | *sytъjь | *sytǫjǫ | *sytoje |
| instrumental | *sytyjimь | *sytǫjǫ | *sytyjimь |
| locative | *sytějemь | *sytěji | *sytějemь |
| vocative | *sytъjь | *sytaja | *sytoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *sytaja | *sytěji | *sytěji |
| genitive | *sytuju | *sytuju | *sytuju |
| dative | *sytyjima | *sytyjima | *sytyjima |
| accusative | *sytaja | *sytěji | *sytěji |
| instrumental | *sytyjima | *sytyjima | *sytyjima |
| locative | *sytuju | *sytuju | *sytuju |
| vocative | *sytaja | *sytěji | *sytěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *sytiji | *sytyję̇ | *sytaja |
| genitive | *sytъjixъ | *sytъjixъ | *sytъjixъ |
| dative | *sytyjimъ | *sytyjimъ | *sytyjimъ |
| accusative | *sytyję̇ | *sytyję̇ | *sytaja |
| instrumental | *sytyjimi | *sytyjimi | *sytyjimi |
| locative | *sytyjixъ | *sytyjixъ | *sytyjixъ |
| vocative | *sytiji | *sytyję̇ | *sytaja |
Derived terms
- *sytiti, *nasyťati (causative-iterative)
- ⇒ *nasyta
- *sytostь (abstract noun)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sỳtъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 484: “adj. o (a) ‘satiated, full’”
- ^ Hirt, Hermann (1900), Der indogermanische Ablaut (in German), Strassburg: Trübner, pages 39–40
- ^ Meillet, Antoine (1920), “Arménien yag”, in Bulletin de la Société de linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 22, number 1, page 20
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Snoj, Marko (2016), “sit”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *sy̋tъ”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “sytъ syta syto”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 108, 110; PR 133; MP 22)”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “сы́тый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “ситий”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka