Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sokъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sakás, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷós.[1]

    Noun

    *sȍkъ m[1]

    1. juice
    Inflection
    Declension of *sȍkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *sȍkъ *sȍka *sȍci
    genitive *sȍka *sokù *sòkъ
    dative *sȍku *sokomà *sokòmъ
    accusative *sȍkъ *sȍka *sȍky
    instrumental *sȍkъmь, *sȍkomь* *sokomà *soký
    locative *sȍcě *sokù *socě̃xъ
    vocative *soče *sȍka *sȍci

    * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

    Descendants
    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: сокъ (sokŭ)
        • Old Ruthenian: сокъ (sok)
        • Russian: сок (sok), сокъ (sok) — pre-1918 spelling
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Cyrillic: сокъ (sokŭ)
        Glagolitic: ⱄⱁⰽⱏ (sokŭ)
      • Bulgarian: сок (sok)
      • Macedonian: сок (sok)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
      • Slovene: sọ̑k (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:
      • Czech: sok (dialectal)
      • Old Polish: sok (“juice”)
      • Old Slovak: sok
      • Sorbian:
        • Lower Sorbian: sok
        • Upper Sorbian: sok

    Etymology 2

      From Proto-Indo-European *sokʷ-ó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”).[2]

      Noun

      *sokъ m[2]

      1. accuser
      Inflection
      Declension of *sokъ (hard o-stem)
      singular dual plural
      nominative *sokъ *soka *soci
      genitive *soka *soku *sokъ
      dative *soku *sokoma *sokomъ
      accusative *sokъ *soka *soky
      instrumental *sokъmь, *sokomь* *sokoma *soky
      locative *socě *soku *socěxъ
      vocative *soče *soka *soci

      * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

      Descendants
      • East Slavic:
        • Old East Slavic: сокъ (sokŭ, “accuser”)
          • Russian: сок (sok, “plaintiff”)
      • South Slavic:
        • Church Slavonic: сокъ (sokŭ) (Russian recension)
        • Serbo-Croatian:
      • West Slavic:
        • Old Czech: sok (“plaintiff”)
          • Czech: sok (“rival”)
        • Old Polish: sok (“slanderer”)
        • Slovak: sok (“rival”)

      References

      1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sȏkъ II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459
      2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sokъ I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459

      Further reading

      • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “сок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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